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An experiment designed to study the π−p total neutral cross section and its breakdown into several channels has been performed at eleven incident pion momenta ranging from 654 to 1247 MeV/c. Angular distributions for the charge exchange π0 and for η0 production are given in terms of Legendre-polynomial expansion coefficients. Forward and backward differential cross sections are presented for the charge-exchange channel and comparisons with recent dispersion-relation predictions for the forward cross section are made.
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Inclusive production of Σ + , Σ − and Σ 0 hyperons in K − p interactions at 14.3 GeV/ c has been studied and compared to Λ production. Cross sections are presented as a function of longitudinal and transverse momenta and compared to the pp → Σ + + anything data.
No description provided.
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A study of the inclusive and semi-inclusive Λ and Λ production in K + p interactions at 32 GeV/ c is presented. The inclusive cross sections for Λ and Λ amount to 0.78 ± 0.05 and 0.42 ± 0.04 mb thus showing a remarkable growth between 16 and 32 GeV/ c with a factor of 1.7 for Λ and 2.8 for Λ . Target and beam fragmentation processes are found to be dominant for Λ and Λ production respectively with the following lower limits for the corresponding cross sections: σ(p → K + ʌ) > 0.5 mb and σ(K + → p ʌ ) > 0.3 mb . Although the early scaling conditions are fulfilled for the Λ production in the target fragmentation region, and Λ production in the beam fragmentation region, scaling is not observed between 16 and 32 GeV/ c in the x and p T 2 Feynman variables. The Λ production is found to be very similar in the K + p inclusive reaction at 32 GeV/ c and in the semi-inclusive reaction K − p → Λ K K X at the same energy. The Λ Λ pair production cross section increases significantly in K + p interactions from 16 to 32 GeV/ c where it reaches the value σ Λ Λ = 47 ± 11 μ b . The cross sections for Λ or Λ produced in association with an identified proton are also given and discussed.
No description provided.
No description provided.
We have measured the relative cross sections for muon pair production by 280 GeV/ c negative pions on three different targets: carbon, copper, and tungsten. The value of α obtained from the parametrization σ = constant × A α is 0.94 ± 0.02 ± 0.02, whereas the parametrization σ≈σ 0 ( Z A ) A α′ , where σ 0 ( Z A ) is given by the Drell-Yan model, leads to α ′ = 0.97 ±0.02±0.02. This last result is in agreement with the quark additivity rule which is inherent in the Drell-Yan model, no dependence is observed on the transverse momentum of the muon pair.
PARAMETRISATION OF CROSS-SECTION IS SIG=CONST.*A**POWER.
PARAMETRISATION OF CROSS-SECTION IS SIG=SIG0(Z/A)*A**POWER WHERE SIG0(Z/A) IS GIVEN BY DRELL-YAN MODEL.
A significant rate of forward proton and antiproton production has been observed in 120 and 280 GeV muon-proton scattering. The z and p T 2 distributions are presented. The dependence of the normalized production cross section on the muon variables x and Q 2 is studied.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The proton structure function F 2 has been measured in the range 2.5 ⪕ Q 2 ⪕ 170 GeV 2 and 0.03 ⪕ x ⪕ 0.65 . Scaling violation is clearly seen in the data. Results of fits to leading-order QCD are presented, together with values of the scale-breaking parameter λ.
No description provided.
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Inclusive production of the Δ (1232) resonance has been measured in 280 GeV/ c muon-proton interactions. The production of the Δ ++ as a function of the variables χ BJ , W , Q 2 , χ F and p T 2 is investigated. The average Δ ++ multiplicity is found to be smaller, by a factor of 6.2 ± 1.2, than the average multiplicity of protons. An upper limit for Δ 0 production is obtained. The net hadronic charge distribution for events with a Δ ++ is presented. The results are compared to the predictions of the Lund and Fire string models.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Properties of the hadron multiplicity distributions in 280 GeV/c μ<sup loc="post">+</sup>p interactions have been investigated. The c.m. energy dependence in the range from 4 to 20 GeV of the total charged multiplicities are presented. No variation faster than logarithmic is seen in the energy range of this experiment. Comparison with νp and <math altimg="si1.gif"><ovl type="bar" style="s">ν</ovl><rm>p</rm></math> data at lower energy has been made and shows good agreement between μ<sup loc="post">+</sup>p and <math altimg="si1.gif"><ovl type="bar" style="s">ν</ovl><rm>p</rm></math> total charged multiplicities. It has been found that the average forward multiplicity (charged hadrons with xF > 0) exceeds the average backward multiplicity (charged hadrons with xF < 0) in the whole energy range and presents a different energy variation. The average forward multiplicity has been compared to e<sup loc="post">+</sup>e<sup loc="post">−</sup> data and shows a similar dependence on energy. Little correlation was observed between the forward and backward multiplicities indicating that the current and target regions fragment almost independently.
No description provided.
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The measurements of the z and p T 2 distribution of hadrons produced in the interactions of 200 GeV muons with copper and carbon nuclei are shown in different x Bj and virtual photon energy intervals. Effects of the jet scattering are seen at the lowest virtual photon energies while for energies above 70 GeV there is no evidence of these effects. Comparison with a theoretical model indicates that at high jet energies the parton fragmentation distance is greater than the nuclear radius and that the parton absorption cross section is less than 10 mb.
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Results on the inclusive reactions K − p → K ∗− (890) + X + and K − p → K ∗0 (890) + X 0 at 14.3 GeV/c are presented. A comparison is made with previous data and with the reaction K − p → K 0 + X at 14.3 GeV /c . Predictions of a triple-Regge model for the variation of the unnatural and natural parity exchanges with the mass of the X system are examined. The experimental values of the structure functions are compared with those calculated from a quark model.
No description provided.
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The inclusive production of neutral kaons in 70 GeV/ c K + p interactions is studied with the CERN BEBC bubble chamber. The (semi-)inclusive cross sections are interpreted in terms of the various strangeness channels leading to neutral kaon production. The invariant inclusive cross section for kaon production is studied as a function of p t 2 and the Feynman variable x . The latter distributions are considered both “raw” and corrected for the presence of K 0 's resulting from K ∗ decay. They are compared with the predictions expected from the Regge-Mueller formalism, the recombination model and fragmentation models.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Inclusive ϱ 0 meson production has been measured in 120 GeV and 280 GeV muon-proton interactions. Distributions of z and p T 2 are presented. Primary ϱ 0 production is found to be equal to that of π 0 production within errors.
No description provided.
No description provided.
A sample of 52 Intermediate Vector Boson decays in the ( v e e) channel is described. They were produced at the CERN SPS Collider for an integrated luminosity of 0.136 pb −1 . Both production and decay properties fit well with expectations from the Standard Model of weak interactions. An improved value for the W mass is given and compared with the previously published value for the Z 0 mass.
No description provided.
Results on moments of the azimuthal angle ϕ of final state hadrons from 120 GeV and 280 GeV μp scattering are presented. A ϕ asymmetry is observed and its W 2 , Q 2 , z and p T dependences compared with model calculations which include intrinsic transverse momentum and first order QCD corrections. These studies indicate that the observed asymmetry is mainly due to intrinsic transverse momentum k T .
No description provided.
Typical phi distribution.
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Using the data on deep inelastic muon scattering on iron and deuterium the ratio of the nucleon structure functions F 2 N ( Fe )/ F 2 N ( D ) is presented. The observed x -dependence of this ratio is in disagreement with existing theoretical predictions.
RANGE OF Q*2 VARIES WITH X. E.G. AT X=0.05 , 9<Q2<27. AT X=0.65 , 36<Q2<170 GEV**2.
A narrow state has been observed in the reaction Σ − + Be → ( Λ K − π + π + ) + X in an experiment at the CERN SPS hyperon beam. At 2.46 GeV/ c 2 the effective ( Λ K − π + π + ) mass distribution shows an excess of 82 events above a background estimated to be 147, corresponding to a statistical significance of more than 6 standard deviations. The positive charge of the observed final state, which has strangeness −2, suggests the interpretation as a Cabibbo favoured decay of the charmed strange baryon, A + [quark content (csu)]. The cross section times branching ratio is measured to be σ · B = (5.3 ± 2.0) μ b/ (Be nucleus) for x > 0.6. The invariant production cross section is described by E d 3 σ /d p 3 ∞ (1 - x ) (1.7±0.7) exp[−(1.1 −0.4 +0.7 ) p T 2 ].
No description provided.
With a segmented total absorption calorimeter of large acceptance, we have measured the total transverse energy spectrum for pp̄ collisions at s 1 2 = 540 GeV up to ΣE T = 130 GeV in the pseudo-rapidity range | η |< 1.5. Using two different algorithms, we have looked for localized depositions of transverse energy (jets). For ΣE T > 40 GeV , the fraction of events with two jets increases with Σ E T ; this event structure is dominant for ΣE T > 100 GeV. We measure the inclusive jet cross section up to E T (jet) = 60 GeV and the two-jets mass distribution to 120 GeV/ c 2 . The measured cross sections are compatible with the predictions of hard scattering models based on QCD.
DATA TAKEN IN 1981 WITH GLOBAL TRANSVERSE ENERGY TRIGGER.
DATA TAKEN IN 1982 WITH LOCAL TRANSVERSE ENERGY TRIGGER.
The deuteron structure function F 2 d has been measured in 280 GeV μ + d interactions. Existing measurements of F 2 p , made with the same apparatus, are used to calculate F 2 p − F 2 n and F 2 n F 2 p . The ratio F 2 n F 2 p has a similar x dependence to that of earlier measurements at lower Q 2 .
No description provided.
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We have measured transverse momentum spectra up to 10 GeV/ c for charged particles produced centrally in proton-antiproton collisions at 540 GeV in the centre of mass at the CERN collider. Our results are compared with data at ISR energies and with the predictions of a QCD model. The charged particle spectrum shows a clear dependence on charged track multiplicity.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The cross sections for J ψ production have been measured in interactions of 280 GeV μ + on hydrogen and deuterium (H, D) and also in interactions of 250 GeV μ + on iron. The single-nucleon cross sections in iron are found to be larger than those in H, D. The mean ratio of the iron to H, D photoproduction cross sections in the range 60 < v < 200 GeV is 1.45 ±0.12 (statistical) ±0.22 (systematic error). Within the framework of the photon-gluon fusion model, this indicates that the gluon density per nucleon is ∼45% larger in iron than in H, D in the range 0.026 < x < 0.085, on a mass scale Q 2 eff ∼M 2 J ψ .
First table is from combined H and DEUT data at 280 Gev. Second table is from FE data at 250 Gev.
First table is from combined H and DEUT data at 280 Gev. Second table is from FE data at 250 Gev.
THIS TABLE IS THE RATIO OF THE EFFECTIVE GLUON DISTRIBUTIONS IN IRON AND HYDROGEN(DEUTERIUM) ASSUMING THAT PHOTON-GLUON FUSION IS THE RELEVANT MECHANISM FOR J/PSI PRODUCTION.
We report evidence for the production of the charged D ∗ mesons in pp̄ collisions at s = 540 GeV . The search was confined to the charged particle fragments of hadronic jets, which are expected to be predominantly gluon jets in this experiment. The fragmentation function and production rate for D ∗ in jets of average transverse momentum of 28 GeV/ c are given.
THE D*'S ARE CONSIDERED AS ARISING ONLY FROM FRAGMENTATION OF HADRONIC JETS ('GLUON' JETS). HERE THE <PT> OF THE JET IS AROUND 28 GEV THE DEFINITION OF Z IS P(D*).P(JET)/(P(JET))**2.
The production of K 0 s, Λs and Λ s has been studied in a 280 GeV muon-proton scattering experiment with almost complete coverage of all kinematic regions. A study is made of the dependence of the multiplicities on the hadronic centre of mass energy, W , and of the Feynman x distributions. It is found that K 0 and Λ production is mostly central and increases strongly with W , whereas Λ production comes mainly from the remnant target system and is only weakly W dependent.
AVERAGE VALUES OF VARIABLES ARE <Q**2>=12GEV**2 , <NU>=76GEV , <W**2>=130GEV**2 , <X BJ>=0.11.
AVERAGE VALUES OF VARIABLES ARE <Q**2>=12GEV**2 , <NU>=76GEV , <W**2>=130GEV**2 , <X BJ>=0.11.
AVERAGE VALUES OF VARIABLES ARE <Q**2>=12GEV**2 , <NU>=76GEV , <W**2>=130GEV**2 , <X BJ>=0.11.
Muons of high transverse momentum p μ T have been observed in the large drift chambers surrounding the UA1 detector at the CERN 540 GeV pp̄ collider. For an integrated luminosity of 108 nb −1 , 14 isolated muons have been found with p T > 15 GeV/ c . They are correlated with a large imbalance in total transverse energy, and show a kinematic behaviour consistent with the muonic decay of the Intermediate Vector Boson W ± of weak interactions. The partial cross section is in agreement with previous measurements for electronic decays and with muon-electron universality. The W mass is determined to be m W = 81 +6 −7 GeV/ c 2 .
No description provided.
The two-jet cross section measured in the UA1 apparatus at the CERN p p Collider has been analysed in terms of the centre-of-mass scattering angle θ and the scaled longitudinal parton momenta x 1 and x 2 . The angular distribution d σ /d cos σ rises rapidly as cos → 1, independent of x 2 and x 2 , as expected in vector gluon theories (QCD). The differential cross section in x 1 and x 2 is consistent with factorization and provides a measurement of the proton structure function F(x) = G(x) + 4 9 [Q(x) + Q (x)] at values of the four-momentum transfer squared, -t̂ ≈ 2000 GeV 2 . Over the range x = 0.10−0.80 the structure function shows an exponential x dependence and may be parametrized by the form F ( x ) = 6.2 exp (−9.5 x ).
S(X1,X2) IS DEFINED BY X1*X2*D2(SIG)/DX1/DX2 NORMAISED APPROPRIATELY.
F(X) DEFINED AS G(X)+(4/9)*(Q(X)+QBAR(X)).
New results on the forward produced protons and antiprotons in high energy muon-nucleon scattering are presented. Their W 2 , z and p 2 T dependences are compared with those of the other charged hadrons. Significant differences are observed which can be related to the flavour content of the target and to a difference between the baryon content of quark and gluon jets.
No description provided.
No description provided.
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We present results of a large-acceptance experiment in which muon pairs were observed in the mass range 0.6 to 6.0 GeV/c2. Emphasis is given to features of the production of Jψ and ψ′(3.7) particles. We find [Bσ]ψ′(3.7)[Bσ]Jψ to be 0.007±0.004 for p-C and 0.018±0.007 for π+-C interactions. Comparison with results from e+e− storage rings indicates that both the Jψ and the ψ′(3.7) are produced strongly rather than electromagnetically in our experiment.
No description provided.
Data from a study of muon pairs produced in hadron-nucleus collisions are compared with the Drell-Yan model. Comparison of dimuon production by π+ and π− mesons on an isoscalar target shows evidence for a charge asymmetry characteristic of an isospin-nonconserving electromagnetic process. The average transverse momentum of the pairs increases smoothly with pair mass. Data taken on carbon and tin targets are used to extract the dependence on target atomic weight.
No description provided.
No description provided.
We report measurements of the photoproduction from hydrogen of single π+ mesons at gamma-ray energies of 3.4 and 5.0 BeV and at laboratory angles of 5.1°, 7.1°, 9.9°, and 15.1°. The s dependence at fixed t is derived for momentum transfers of -0.20, -0.37, and -0.70 BeV2. The pion data are compared with a Reggeized one-pion-exchange model.
No description provided.
Interactions between 4.15-Bev protons and the free hydrogen nuclei in nuclear emulsion are examined. The total elastic cross section from 27 events was determined to be 11.0±2.6 mb. On the basis of 113 interactions the total inelastic cross section was found to be 28.1±3.1 mb. The partial cross sections corresponding to inelastic collisions having two, four, six, and eight secondary particles were found to be respectively 16.3±2.4, 11.5±1.8, 0.2±0.1, and 0.1±0.1 mb. While the total inelastic cross section varies slowly with energy, the partial inelastic cross sections were found to be strongly energy dependent. The observed angular distribution of elastically scattered protons in the center-of-mass system was sharply peaked in the forward and backward directions, in fair agreement with calculations based on a simple optical model applicable for energies between 2 and 10 Bev. Particles produced in inelastic collisions were identified as pions or protons by measurements of energy loss and multiple scattering. For those particles identified, center-of-mass system distributions of energy, angle, and transverse momentum are presented.
'ALL'.
We report on measurements of inclusive π 0 production at c.m. energies of 53 and 63 GeV, θ ≅90°, from p-p collisions at the CERN ISR. In the range 0.2< x t <0.45 the data can be described by a form: Ed 3 σ d p 3 ∝p − (6.6±0.8) t (1−x t ) (9.6±1.0) .
No description provided.
No description provided.
Data on muon-pair production by pions are used to determine the momentum distribution for valence quarks in the pion. The shape of a nucleon structure function is also obtained and is compared with a calculation based on existing data.
No description provided.
The absolute electron-proton elastic scattering cross section has been measured by detecting the recoil protons. The proton charge form factor has been extracted for values of the square of the momentum transfer between 0.15 and 0.79 fm−2. The rms charge radius determined from these measurements is 0.81±0.04 fm. [NUCLEAR REACTIONS H1(e,p), E=55−130 MeV, measured σ(E;Ep,θ); deduced charge form factor, rms charge radius.]
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Forty-seven charm events have been observed in an exposure of the SLAC Hybrid Facility bubble chamber to a 20-GeV backward-scattered laser beam. Thirty-seven events survive all the necessary cuts imposed. Based on this number the total charm cross section is calculated to be 63−28+33 nb.
No description provided.
Seventy-one events containing charmed-particle decays have been observed in an experiment using the SLAC Hybrid Facility exposed to a backward-scattered photon beam. Several improvements were made to the apparatus since the previous experiment on charm photoproduction. Results for the charmed-meson lifetimes are consistent with the published results from the previous experiment and the two data samples have been combined yielding a total sample of 136 charm events. After imposing rigorous cuts, 50 neutral, 48 charged, and 2 charged/neutral ambiguous decays remain. From these, the charmed-meson lifetimes are measured to be &=(8.6±1.3−0.3+0 .7)×10−13 sec, &=(6.1±0.9±0.3)×10 −13 sec, and their ratio &=1.4±0.3− 0.1+0.2. The total charm cross section at a photon energy of 20 GeV has been measured to be (62±8−10+15) nb. There is evidence for both DD¯X and D¯Λc+X production with σD¯Λc+X/σcharm=(71± 11±6)%.
No description provided.
Sixty-two charm events have been observed in an exposure of the SLAC Hybrid Facility toa backward sacttered laser beam. Based on 22 neutral and 21 charged decays we have measured the charmed-meson lifetimes to be τD0=(6.8−1.8+2.3)×10−13 sec, τD±=(7.4−2.0+2.3)×10−13 sec and their ratio τD±τD0=1.1−0.3+0.6. The inclusive charm cross section at a photon energy of 20 GeV has been measured to be 56−23+24 nb. Evidence is presented for a non-DD¯ component to charm production, consistent with (35±20)% Λc+ production and some D*± production. We have found no unambiguous F decays.
No description provided.
We have studied inclusive production of KS0, Λ, and Λ¯ particles in 20-GeV γp interactions and have found features similar to those observed in both hadronic and leptonic interactions. The production cross sections, charged-particle multiplicities, and average Λ polarization are reported. Inclusive distributions of x and pT are shown and discussed in terms of quark fragmentation models. Production cross sections for K*(890) and Σ*(1385) are also reported.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The inclusive jet cross section has been measured in the UA1 experiment at the CERN p p Collider at centre-of-mass energies √ s = 546 GeV and √ s = 630 eV. The cross sections are found to be consistent with QCD predictions, The observed change in the cross section with the centre-of-mass energy √ s is accounted for in terms of x T scaling.
No description provided.
The first data on the production of D ∗ (2010) are presented as observed in π − -proton interactions at √ s = 27 GeV . It is found that D ∗ (2010) dominates the total charm D-meson production, without a significant non-central component.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Measurements are presented of the variation with Q 2 (scaling violation) of the hadron multiplicity in deep inelastic muon-proton scattering. An increase in the average multiplicity of both the charged hadrons and K 0 mesons is observed with increasing Q 2 or x Bj for fixed centre-of-mass energy W . The study of the shape of the effective fragmentation function D h ( z , W , Q 2 ) shows that the increase of the particle yield with Q 2 takes place for low z particles. The variation of the hadron distributions with Q 2 is also studied in the current fragmentation region where a decrease in multiplicity is observed. Such effects are expected from QCD.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Results are presented on two-jet and three-jet cross sections, measured in the UA1 experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) pp̄ Collider, at the highest available subprocess cms energies ( s ̂ >150 GeV ). Precise measurements of the two-jet angular distribution are consistent with previous results but show significant scale-breaking effects. The three-jet Dalitz plot and the three-jet angular distributions show evidence for final- and initial-state bremsstrahlung processes, in agreement with the leading-order QCD predictions. A comparison of the yield of wide-angle three-jet events with the yield of two-jet events at smaller scattering angles gives for the strong interaction coupling constant: α s ( K 3J K 2J )=0.16±0.02±0.03 at Q 2 ≈4000 GeV 2 , where the factor K 3J K 2J may plausibly be assumed to be close to unity.
No description provided.
No description provided.
We present a study of events with three muons in the final state, produced in π − -tungsten interactions at 194 GeV/ c . Trimuons can be attributed to B-meson pair production, and this allows us to set (model-dependent) upper limits for the corresponding cross section. Assuming a correlated central production model, we obtain the limit of 1.5 nb per nucleon at the 95% confidence level.
No description provided.
A measurement of the nucleon structure function F 2 on iron is presented. The data cover a kinematic range of 3.25 ⪕ Q 2 ⪕ 200 GeV 2 and 0.05 ⪕ x ⪕ 0.65 . The data clearly show scaling violation. Fits in leading-order QCD have been made and values for the scale breaking parameter λ are given.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
A charge hyperon beam has been brought into operation at the CERN SPS. Particles are identified by a DISC Čerenkov counter, and decay products are analysed by a magnetic spectrometer. Cross sections for the inclusive production of π + , K + , p , Σ + , Σ − , ζ − , d, and π − , K − , p , Σ + , Σ − , ζ − , ω − , d in the forward direction have been measured at laboratory momenta between 70 and 130 GeV/ c . This range of momenta corresponds to 0.35 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.66 for an incident proton momentum of 200 GeV/ c . Antihyperon ( Σ − , ζ − , Σ + ) and Σ + and ω − fluxes have been measured for the first time in a hyperon beam.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Measurements of the production inp-BeO collisions of charged baryons and antibaryons with strangeness between −3 and +3 at\(\sqrt s= 21.2GeV\)x=0.48, andpT=600MeV/c are reported. The experimental results can be interpreted within the framework of a simple proton fragmentation-recombination model.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Thez andpT2 distributions of π0 mesons produced by the interaction of 200 GeV muons on hydrogen are presented. Comparisons are made with other π0 and charged hadron data and with the predictions of perturbative QCD. The data show a rise of 〈pT2〉 withW2 which is consistent with QCD, and withz2 which requires a contribution from a primordialkT. The fraction of total energy which appears as π0 mesons is 0.27±0.05.
No description provided.
Inclusive photoproduction of ϕ,K*0(890),\(\bar K*^0 \) andK*0(1420),\(\bar K*^0 \) has been studied in γp collisions with photons of energy 20 to 70 GeV and in the range 0.1≦xF≦0.95 [0.4≦xF≦0.8 for the\(\mathop K\limits^{( - )} *\)(1420)],xF being the Feynman variable of the vector/tensor meson. The cross-sections for these processes, averaged over the photon energy range and integrated overxF are given. The inclusive ϕ production in the forward direction can be described quantitatively by a triple-Regge model calculation. The remaining ϕ production and the totalK*0(890) and\(\bar K*^0 \) production are consistent with a quark fusion picture.
No description provided.