The differential cross sections of the reactions e + e − → e + e − and e + e − → λλ are measured at energies between 33.0 and 36.7 GeV. The results agree with the predictions of quantum electrodynamics. A comparison with the standard model of electroweak interaction yields sin 2 θ W = 0.25 ± 0.13.
No description provided.
The e + e − → τ + τ − process has been measured using the CELLO detector at a mean total centre of mass energy of 34.2 GeV using essentially all the decay channels of the τ lepton. The measured cross section yields R τ =1.03±0.05 (stat)±0.07 (syst). Topological branching fraction are given for τ → 1, 3 or 5 charged tracks. The angular distribution shows a clear 1 + cos 2 θ dependance with a forward-backward asymmetry of -0.103 ± 0.052 corresponding to an axial-vector coupling a τ of the τ to the weak neutral current given by a τ =−1.12 ± 0.57.
No description provided.
Forward-backward asymmetry based on 1 + (cos(theta))**2 + bcos(theta) fit for angular distribution.
No description provided.
The reaction (e+e−→μ+μ−) has been measured between\(\sqrt S= 14.0\) and\(\sqrt S= 36.4\). The total cross section result is in good agreement with the QED prediction and the following Λ values have been obtained:Λ+=186 GeV,Λ−=101 GeV. The angular distribution at high energy (\(\left( {\left. {\left\langle {\sqrt S } \right.} \right\rangle= 34.2 GeV} \right)\)) shows a fitted charge asymmetry of −0.064±0.064 in agreement with theW-S model prediction of −0.092, corresponding to an axial coupling parametera2=4ga2=0.69±0.69.
No description provided.
Errors include contribution from systematics. Result based on fit(1 + cos(theta)**2 + q cos(theta)) to corrected angular distribution.
The production of thef0 in two photon collisions, with the subsequent decayf0→π+π− has been observed in the CELLO detector at PETRA. Thef0 peak was found to lie on a dipion continuum and to be shifted downwards in mass by ≃50 MeV/c2. The ππ mass spectrum from 0.8 to 1.5 GeV/c2 was well fitted by the model of Mennessier using only a unitarised Born amplitude and helicity 2f0 amplitude. The previously observed mass shift and distortion of thef0 peak are explained by strong interference between the Born andf0 amplitudes. The only free parameter in the fit of the data to the model is the radiative widthΓγγ(f0). It was found that:Γγγ(f0)=2.5±0.1±0.5 keV where the first (second) quoted errors are statistical (systematic).
Data read from graph.
Data read from graph.
We have measured at PETRA the process e γ → e + hadrons at an average Q 2 value of 9 GeV 2 / c 2 . The total number of observed events attributed to this process is 215. Our data are compared to calculations based on the estimation of the photon structure function F 2 in the quark parton model and in QCD.
No description provided.
None
CONTINUOUS COVERAGE OF THREE ENERGY RANGES (33.00 TO 33.80, 34.00 TO 35.26 AND 36.08 TO 36.72 GEV PLUS SEVEN ADDITIONAL DATA POINTS AROUND 35.7 GEV).
Using both charged and neutral components, 2600 multihadronic e + e − annihilation events, recorded at 34 GeV by the CELLO detector at PETRA, have been analysed in a calometric approach. The fraction of energy carried by gamma rays is measured to be f γ = (26.0 ± 0.4 (stat) ± 4.0 (syst)%. The neutral energy flow is seen to follow closely the overall energy flow. From the corrected oblateness distribution, a first order determination of α s is performed. The result is α s = 0.16 ± 0.01 (stat) ± 0.03 (syst).
No description provided.
We have determined the cross section for γγ→π+π+π−π− in a way free of assumptions about the relative contributions fromρ0ρ0,ρ02π and 4π (uncorrelated phase space). We find a sharp onset above threshold and a rather high cross section of about 200 nb aroundWγγ=1.5 GeV which consists to about 40% ofρ0ρ0 production with sizeable contributions fromρ02π and 4π (PS). The total cross section as well as theρ0ρ0 content fall rather fast at higher c.m. energies. Attempts to explain this behaviour in terms of production of known resonances are not successful so far. The angular distributions do not show any significant structure pointing to resonance formation in the 4π-system. Only theρ0-meson is observed in the moment analysis. The decay distributions of theρ0 for forward produced rhos are fairly consistent with helicity conservation of the produced rhos in accordance with the VDM picture.
No description provided.
RESULTS OF DECOMPOSITION OF THE CROSS SECTION INTO RHO RHO, RHO 2PI, AND 4PI(PHASE SPACE) USING TWO WIDE W BINS. SEE TEXT OF PAPER FOR DISCUSSION OF FITS.
RESULTS OF DECOMPOSITION OF THE CROSS SECTION INTO THE RHO RHO, RHO PI, AND 4PI (PHASE SPACE) USING SMALL W BINS. SEE TEXT OF PAPER FOR DISCUSSION OF FITS.
The photonic part of multihadronice+e− annihilation events has been analyzed at a c.m. energy of 34 GeV. The photonic energy fraction per event is determined to befγ=0.251±0.003 (stat.) ±0.04 (syste.). The neutral and charged components of the events are analyzed separately revealing close similarity in thrust axis directions and momentum distributions in agreement with the hypothesis that most photons result from π0 decay. π0's are reconstructed separately and used to determine the inclusive cross section. Comparing these cross sections with lower energy data from SPEAR we find some indication for scaling violation.
No description provided.
The topology of hadronic e + e − annihilation events has been analysed using the sphericity tensor and a cluster method. Comparison with quark models including gluon bremsstrahlung yields good agreement with the data. The strong-coupling constant is determined in 1st order QCD to be α S =0.19±0.04 (stat) ± 0.04 (syst.) at 22 GeV and α S =0.16 ±0.02± 0.03 at 34 GeV. The differential cross section with respect to the energy fraction carried by the most energetic parton agrees with the prediction of QCD, but cannot be reproduced by a scalar gluon model. These results are stable against variations of the transverse momentum distribution of the fragmentation function within the quoted errors.
No description provided.
Hadronic events obtained with the CELLO detector at PETRA are compared with second order QCD predictions using different models for the fragmentation of quarks and gluons into hadrons. We find that the model dependence in the determination of the strong coupling constant persists when going from first to second order QCD calculations.
ASYMMETRY FOR DATA CORRECTED WITH IF MODEL (ALPHA-S=0.12).
ASSYMETRY FOR DATA CORRECTED WITH SF MODEL (ALPHA-S=0.19).
No description provided.
We have measured the scale invariant inclusive photon and π0 cross sections atW=14, 22 and 34 GeV. A comparison with π± data shows no significant difference between neutral and charged pion production. Comparing the integrated cross sections in thex range 0.15<x<1.0 we observe a considerable decrease from 14 GeV to 34 GeV with a statistical significance of 1.5 standard deviations. This is compatible with the expectations for scaling violations from QCD.
NUMERICAL VALUES OF DATA SUPPLIED BY H. OBERLACK.
NUMERICAL VALUES OF DATA SUPPLIED BY H. OBERLACK.
NUMERICAL VALUES OF DATA SUPPLIED BY H. OBERLACK.
Hadronic events obtained with the CELLO detector at PETRA were compared with first-order QCD predictions using two different models for the fragmentation of quarks and gluons, the Hoyer model and the Lund model. Both models are in reasonable agreement with the data, although they do not completely reproduce the details of many distributions. Several methods have been applied to determine the strong coupling constant α S . Although within one model the value of α S varies by 20% among the different methods, the values determined using the Lund model are 30% or more larger (depending on the method used) than the values determined with the Hoyer model. Our results using the Hoyer model are in agreement with previous results based on this approach.
DATA CORRECTED WITH HOYER MODEL (ALPHA-S=0.15).
DATA CORRECTED WITH LUND MODEL (ALPHA-S=0.25).
No description provided.
Differential cross sections fore+e−→e+e−, τ+, τ- measured with the CELLO detector at\(\left\langle {\sqrt s } \right\rangle= 34.2GeV\) have been analyzed for electroweak contributions. Vector and axial vector coupling constants were obtained in a simultaneous fit to the three differential cross sections assuming a universal weak interaction for the charged leptons. The results,v2=−0.12±0.33 anda2=1.22±0.47, are in good agreement with predictions from the standardSU(2)×U(1) model for\(\sin ^2 \theta _w= 0.228\). Combining this result with neutrino-electron scattering data gives a unique axial vector dominated solution for the leptonic weak couplings. Assuming the validity of the standard model, a value of\(\sin ^2 \theta _w= 0.21_{ - 0.09}^{ + 0.14}\) is obtained for the electroweak mixing angle. Additional vector currents are not observed (C<0.031 is obtained at the 95% C.L.).
Combined MU and TAU asymmetry. See PL 114B(1982)282 (<a href=http://durpdg.dur.ac.uk/scripts/reacsearch.csh/TESTREAC/red+1234> RED = 1234 </a>) and ZP C14(1982)283 (<a href=http://durpdg.dur.ac.uk/scripts/reacsearch.csh/TESTREAC/red+1245> RED = 1245 </a>) for individual asymmetry measurements.
Two photon final states in e + e − annihilation have been analyzed at CM energies around 34 GeV. Good agreement with QED is observed. Lower limits for the QED cutoff parameters of Λ + > 59 GeV and Λ - > 44 GeV are determined. A search for two photons with missing energy yields an upper limit for the production of neutral particles which decay into a photon and a non-interacting particle. Constraints on the mass and the coupling strength of supersymmetric photinos are discussed.
Cross section for ABS(cos(theta)) <0.85.
Measurements of energy weighted angular correlations in electron positron annihilations at c.m. energies of 22 GeV and 34 GeV are presented.
ENERGY-ENERGY CORRELATIONS FOR FINAL STATE PARTICLES.
ENERGY-ENERGY CORRELATIONS FOR PRIMORDIAL HADRONS.
ASSYMETRY IN ENERGY CORRELATIONS FOR FINAL STATE PARTICLES.
Mesons comprising a beauty quark and a strange quark can oscillate between particle (B0s) and antiparticle (B0s) flavour eigenstates, with a frequency given by the mass difference between heavy and light mass eigenstates, deltams. Here we present ameasurement of deltams using B0s2DsPi decays produced in proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The oscillation frequency is found to be deltams = 17.7683 +- 0.0051 +- 0.0032 ps-1, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. This measurement improves upon the current deltams precision by a factor of two. We combine this result with previous LHCb measurements to determine deltams = 17.7656 +- 0.0057 ps-1, which is the legacy measurement of the original LHCb detector.
Summary of LHCb measurements. Comparison of LHCb $\Delta m_s$ measurements from Refs. [8–11], the result presented in this article and their average. For the average, following systematic uncertainties are assumed to be fully correlated(:) zScale, MomentumScale, VeloAlignment and DecayTimeBias. The measurements are statistically uncorrelated.
B B production in π − -uranium interactions has been observed at 320 GeV beam energy looking at events with three muons in the final state. The cross section is found to be σ B B = 4.5±1.4±1.4 nb per nucleon (for a linear A -dependence) or σ B B = 17.6±5.5±5.5 nb per nucleon (assuming A 0.75 dependence). An estimate of x F distribution is given.
BEAUTY INCLUSIVE SPECTRA WAS ASSUMED TO BE E*D(SIG)/D(X)/D(PT**2) = EXP(-0.9*PT**2)*(1-ABS(X))**A. THE BEST FIT FOR A IS A = 2.5.
We report on charged hadron production in deuteron-gold reactions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. Our measurements in the deuteron-direction cover 1.4 < eta < 2.2, referred to as forward rapidity, and in the gold-direction -2.0 < eta < -1.4, referred to as backward rapidity, and a transverse momentum range p_T = 0.5-4.0 GeV/c. We compare the relative yields for different deuteron-gold collision centrality classes. We observe a suppression relative to binary collision scaling at forward rapidity, sensitive to low momentum fraction (x) partons in the gold nucleus, and an enhancement at backward rapidity, sensitive to high momentum fraction partons in the gold nucleus.
$R_{cp}$ as a function of $p_T$ for Punch-Through Hadrons at forward rapidity and backward rapidity for different centrality classes. Systematic uncertainties which are point-to-point uncorrelated (sys-uncorr) and correlated (sys-corr) are shown.
$R_{cp}$ as a function of $p_T$ for Hadron Decay Muons at forward rapidity and backward rapidity for different centrality classes. Systematic uncertainties which are point-to-point uncorrelated (sys-uncorr) and correlated (sys-corr) are shown.
$R_{cp}$ as a function of $\eta$ for 1.5 < $p_T$ < 4.0 GeV/$c$ for different centrality classes. Systematic uncertainties which are point-to-point uncorrelated (sys-uncorr) and correlated (sys-corr) are shown.
Correlations of charged hadrons of 1 < pT < 10 GeV/c with high pT direct photons and pi^ 0 mesons in the range 5 <pT < 15 GeV/c are used to study jet fragmentation in the photon+jet and di-jet channels, respectively. The magnitude of the partonic transverse momentum, kT, is obtained by comparing to a model incorporating a Gaussian kT smearing. The sensitivity of the associated charged hadron spectra to the underlying fragmentation function is tested and the data are compared to calculations using recent global fit results. The shape of the direct photon-associated hadron spectrum as well as its charge asymmetry are found to be consistent with a sample dominated by quark-gluon Compton scattering. No significant evidence of fragmentation photon correlated production is observed within experimental uncertainties.
Away-side charged hadron yield per π 0 trigger as a function of xE, which is equivalent to zT in the collinear limit cos(∆φ) = 1 & Away-side isolated direct photon trigger as a function of xE, which is equivalent to zT in the collinear limit cos(∆φ) = 1.
Away-side charged hadron yield per π 0 trigger as a function of xE, which is equivalent to zT in the collinear limit cos(∆φ) = 1 & Away-side isolated direct photon trigger as a function of xE, which is equivalent to zT in the collinear limit cos(∆φ) = 1.
Away-side charged hadron yield per π 0 trigger as a function of xE, which is equivalent to zT in the collinear limit cos(∆φ) = 1 & Away-side isolated direct photon trigger as a function of xE, which is equivalent to zT in the collinear limit cos(∆φ) = 1.
Results on multiplicities, topological cross sections, total particle production cross sections, and correlations between charged particle and π 0 production are presented for pp interactions at 12 and 24 GeV/ c incident laboratory momentum. Inclusive production of π ± , K s 0 , p , Λ, Σ ± and Λ is studied; particle spectra are shown in single and double differential form and are compared, in different kinematic regions, with data obtained at other incident momenta and with other beam particles.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The asymmetry of the cross sections for the photoproduction of π + mesons on polarized protons γ + p↑ → π + + n has been studied in the four-momentum transfer range 0.1 ⩽ | t | ⩽ 1.25 (GeV/ c ) 2 for photon energies of 2.5, 3.4 and 5.0 GeV. The measurements were carried out on a polarized butanol target. Both particles in the final state were detected: the pion by a magnetic spectrometer, the recoil nucleon in a scintillation counter matrix. The asymmetry was found to be negative with values around −0.4.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
A sample of about 1.4 million hadronic Z decays, selected among the data recorded by the DELPHI detector at LEP during 1994, was used to measure for the first time the momentum spectra of K + , K 0 , p , Λ and their antiparticles in gluon and quark jets. As observed for inclusive charged particles, the production spectra of identified particles were found to be softer in gluon jets than in quark jets, with a higher total multiplicity.
Y events.
Mercedes events.
The cross section of the pure QED process e + e − → γγ has been measured using data accumulated during the 1989 and 1990 scans of the Z 0 resonance at LEP. Both the energy dependence and the angular distribution are in good agreement with the QED prediction. Upper limits on the branching ratios of Z 0 → γγ , Z 0 → π 0 γ and Z 0 → ηγ have been set at 1.4×10 −4 , 1.4×10 −4 and 2.0×10 −4 respectively. Lower limits on the cutoff parameters of the modified electron propagator have been found to be Λ + > 117 GeV and Λ − > 110 GeV. The reaction e + e − → γγγ has also been studied and was found to be consistent with the QED prediction. An upper limit on the branching ratio of Z 0 → γγγ has been set at 6.6 × 10 −5 . All the limits are given at 95% confidence level.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab has used a sign-selected neutrino beam to perform a search for the lepton number violating process $\bar{\nu}_mu e^- \to \mu^- \bar{\nu}_e$, and to measure the cross-section of the Standard Model inverse muon decay process $\nu_{\mu} e^- \to \mu^- \nu_e$. NuTeV measures the inverse muon decay asymptotic cross-section $\sigma/E$ to be 13.8 $\pm$ 1.2 $\pm$ 1.4 x $10^{-42} cm^2$/GeV. The experiment also observes no evidence for lepton number violation and places one of the most restrictive limits on the LNV/IMD cross-section ratio at $\sigma (\bar{\nu}_{\mu} e^- \to \mu^- \bar{\nu}_e) /\sigma (\nu_{\mu}e^- \to \mu^- \nu_e$) $\le$ 1.7% at 90% C.L. for V-A couplings and $\le$ 0.6% for scalar couplings.
No description provided.
No description provided.
We report the results of an experiment which measured n-p elastic scattering differential cross sections over a range in -t from 0.15 to ~ 3.6 (Gev/c)2 for incident neutron momenta from 70 to 400 GeV/c. We find the logarithmic slope parameter, evaluated at -t = 0.2 (GeV/c)2, to be consistent with existing proton-proton parameterizations. The data exhibit a dip in the cross section near -t 1.4 (Gev/c)2 for incident neutron momenta above 200 Gev/c. For neutron momenta less than 280 GeV/c, the neutron-proton cross sections are found to be higher than existing proton-proton data in the range 0.7 ~ -t ~ 1.3 (Gev/c)2 which is in contradic- tion to most Regge predictions.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Using the 18.8 pb −1 of data accumulated at LEP in 1990 and 1991 with the ALEPH detector, a direct test of neutral current CP -invariance is performed by a search for CP -odd correlations in Z decays to τ pairs where both τ decay modes are identified. No evidence for CP -violation is observed. The weak dipole moment of the τ has been measured to be d τ ( m Z ) = (1.3 ± 1.4 ± 0.1) × 10 −17 e ·cm which results in an upper limit on the weak dipole moment of | d τ ( m Z )| ⩽ 3.7 × 10 −17 e ·cm with 95% confidence level.
No description provided.
Differential elliptic flow (v_2) for phi mesons and (anti)deuterons (d^bar)d is measured for Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. The v_2 for phi mesons follows the trend of lighter pi^+/- and K^+/- mesons, suggesting that ordinary hadrons interacting with standard hadronic cross sections are not the primary driver for elliptic flow development. The v_2 values for (d^bar)d suggest that elliptic flow is additive for composite particles. This further validation of the universal scaling of v_2 per constituent quark for baryons and mesons suggests that partonic collectivity dominates the transverse expansion dynamics.
$m_{inv}$ distributions for foreground and background $K^+ K^-$ pairs for 20-60% central Au+Au collisions.
$m_{inv}$ distributions
$<cos(2(\varphi^{pair}-\Phi_2))>$ vs. $m_{inv}$.
The elliptic ($v_2$) and triangular ($v_3$) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients in central $^{3}$He+Au, $d$+Au, and $p$+Au collisions at $\mbox{$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$}$ = 200 GeV are measured as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) at mid-rapidity ($|\eta|<$0.9), via the azimuthal angular correlation between two particles both at $|\eta|<$0.9. While the $v_2(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ values depend on the colliding systems, the $v_3(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ values are system-independent within the uncertainties, suggesting an influence on eccentricity from sub-nucleonic fluctuations in these small-sized systems. These results also provide stringent constraints for the hydrodynamic modeling of these systems.
v2 ratio of 10-20%HeAu/0-10%dAu and UC pAu/0-10%dAu
v3 ratio of 10-20%HeAu/0-10%dAu and UC pAu/0-10%dAu
Inclusive and differential fiducial cross sections of the Higgs boson are measured in the $H \to ZZ^{*} \to 4\ell$ ($\ell = e,\mu$) decay channel. The results are based on proton$-$proton collision data produced at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018, equivalent to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. The inclusive fiducial cross section for the $H \to ZZ^{*} \to 4\ell$ process is measured to be $\sigma_\mathrm{fid} = 3.28 \pm 0.32$ fb, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction of $\sigma_\mathrm{fid, SM} = 3.41 \pm 0.18 $ fb. Differential fiducial cross sections are measured for a variety of observables which are sensitive to the production and decay of the Higgs boson. All measurements are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions. The results are used to constrain anomalous Higgs boson interactions with Standard Model particles.
Fractional uncertainties for the inclusive fiducial and total cross sections, and range of systematic uncertainties for the differential measurements. The columns e/$\mu$ and jets represent the experimental uncertainties in lepton and jet reconstruction and identification, respectively. The Z + jets, $t\bar{t}$, tXX (Other Bkg.) column includes uncertainties related to the estimation of these background sources. The $ZZ^{*}$ theory ($ZZ^{*}$ th.) uncertainties include the PDF and scale variations. Signal theory (Sig th.) uncertainties include PDF choice, QCD scale, and shower modelling of the signal. Finally, the column labelled Comp. contains uncertainties related to production mode composition and unfolding bias which affect the response matrices. The uncertainties have been rounded to the nearest 0.5%, except for the luminosity uncertainty which has been measured to be 1.7%.
Expected (pre-fit) and observed number of events in the four decay final states after the event selection, in the mass range 115< $m_{4l}$ < 130 GeV. The sum of the expected number of SM Higgs boson events and the estimated background yields is compared to the data. Combined statistical and systematic uncertainties are included for the predictions.
The fiducial and total cross sections of Higgs boson production measured in the 4l final state. The fiducial cross sections are given separately for each decay final state, and for same- and different-flavour decays. The inclusive fiducial cross section is measured as the sum of all final states ($\sigma_{sum}$), as well as by combining the per-final state measurements assuming SM $ZZ^{*} \to 4l$ relative branching ratios ($\sigma_{comb}$). For the total cross section ($\sigma_{tot}$), the Higgs boson branching ratio at $m_{H}$= 125 GeV is assumed. The total SM prediction is accurate to N3LO in QCD and NLO EW for the ggF process. The cross sections for all other Higgs boson production modes XH are added. For the fiducial cross section predictions, the SM cross sections are multiplied by the acceptances determined using the NNLOPS sample for ggF. The p-values indicating the compatibility of the measurement and the SM prediction are shown as well. They do not include the systematic uncertainty in the theoretical predictions.
We have used 106 pb~-1 of data collected in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV by the Collider Detector at Fermilab to measure jet angular distributions in events with two jets in the final state. The angular distributions agree with next to leading order (NLO) predictions of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in all dijet invariant mass regions. The data exclude at 95% confidence level (CL) a model of quark substructure in which only up and down quarks are composite and the contact interaction scale is Lambda_ud(+) < 1.6 TeV or Lambda_ud(-) < 1.4 TeV. For a model in which all quarks are composite the excluded regions are Lambda(+) < 1.8 TeV and Lambda(-) < 1. 6 TeV.
No description provided.
Di-jet angular ratio, defined as the number with CHI < 2.5 divided by the number with CHI between 2.5 and 5.
We report new results on identified (anti)proton and charged pion spectra at large transverse momenta (3<$p_{T}$<10 GeV/c) from Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200 GeV using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). This study explores the system size dependence of two novel features observed at RHIC with heavy ions: the hadron suppression at high-$p_{T}$ and the anomalous baryon to meson enhancement at intermediate transverse momenta. Both phenomena could be attributed to the creation of a new form of QCD matter. The results presented here bridge the system size gap between the available pp and Au+Au data, and allow the detailed exploration for the on-set of the novel features. Comparative analysis of all available 200 GeV data indicates that the system size is a major factor determining both the magnitude of the hadron spectra suppression at large transverse momenta and the relative baryon to meson enhancement.
Anti-particle to particle ratios, as a function of transverse momentum for pions (a) and protons (b). Data for the four centrality classes show little centrality dependence. Errors are statistical only.
Anti-particle to particle ratios, as a function of transverse momentum for pions (a) and protons (b). Data for the four centrality classes show little centrality dependence. Errors are statistical only.
(Color online) (a) Nuclear modification factor, RAA, for charged pions ($\pi^{+}+\pi^{−}$) in Cu+Cu (filled symbols) and Au+Au (open symbols) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200 GeV. Error bands are shown for most peripheral and most central Cu+Cu data to represent evolution of the systematic uncertainties for this dataset. Error boxes at $R_{AA}$=1 represent Cu+Cu scale uncertainties due to the number of collisions and from $pp$ spectra normalization.
We present a limit on $\nu_\mu(\overline{\nu}_\mu)\to\nu_\tau(\overline{\nu}_\tau)$ oscillations based on a study of inclusive $\nu N$ interactions performed using the CCFR massive coarse grained detector in the FNAL Tevatron Quadrupole Triplet neutrino beam. The sensitivity to oscillations is from the difference in the longitudinal energy deposition pattern of $\nu_\mu N$ versus $\nu_\tau N$ charged current interactions. The $\nu_\mu$ energies ranged from $30$ to $500$GeV with a mean of $140$GeV. The minimum and maximum $\nu_\mu$ flight lengths are $0.9$km and $1.4$km respectively. The lowest $90\%$ confidence upper limit in $\sin~22\alpha$ of $2.7\times 10~{-3}$ is obtained at $\Delta m~2\sim50$eV$~2$. This result is the most stringent limit to date for $25<\Delta m~2<90$eV$~2$.
ALPHA is the neutrino mixing angle. The result for SIN(ALPHA)**2 from the fit at each Delta(M)**2 for NUMU -->NUTAU oscillations. The 90% CL upper limit is equal to the best fit SIN(ALPHA)**2 + 1.2*SIGMA.
ALPHA is the neutrino mixing angle. The result for SIN(ALPHA)**2 from the fit at each Delta(M)**2 for NUMU -->NUE oscillations. The 90% CL upper limit is equal to the best fit SIN(ALPHA)**2 + 1.2*SIGMA.
We present measurements of azimuthal correlations of charged hadron pairs in $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV Au$+$Au collisions after subtracting an underlying event using a model that includes higher-order azimuthal anisotropy $v_2$, $v_3$, and $v_4$. After subtraction, the away-side ($\Delta\phi\sim\pi)$ of the highest transverse-momentum trigger ($p_T>4$ GeV/$c$) correlations is suppressed compared to that of correlations measured in $p$$+$$p$ collisions. At the lowest associated particle $p_T$, the away-side shape and yield are modified. These observations are consistent with the scenario of radiative-jet energy loss. For the lowest-$p_T$ trigger correlations, an away-side yield exists and we explore the dependence of the shape of the away-side within the context of an underlying-event model. Correlations are also studied differentially versus event-plane angle $\Psi_n$. The angular correlations show an asymmetry when selecting the sign of the trigger-particle azimuthal angle with respect to the $\Psi_2$ event plane. This asymmetry and the measured suppression of the pair yield out of plane is consistent with a path-length-dependent energy loss. No $\Psi_3$ dependence can be resolved within experimental uncertainties.
Higher-order flow harmonics for charged hadrons at midrapidity in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ and their systematics: $v_2$, $v_3$, $v_4$, and $v_4\{\Psi_2\}$. The source of systematic uncertainties are difference among RXN event-planes, matching cut width for CNT hadron tracks, and difference between $v_n$ measured with RXN and BBC event planes .
Per-trigger yields $Y(\Delta\phi)$ of dihadrons pairs measured in Au$+$Au collisions at$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ after subtracting the underlying event model with several $p_T$ selections and centralities. Systematic uncertainties are due to track matching and the $v_n$ and due to ZYAM.
Per-trigger yields $Y(\Delta\phi)$ of dihadron pairs measured in Au$+$Au collisions after subtracting the underlying event-model with several $p_T$ selections of the trigger and associated particles ($p_T^{t,a}$ and several centralities. Systematic uncertainties are due to track matching and the $v_n$ and due to ZYAM.
We report the first measurement of the cross section for Z boson pair production at a hadron collider. This result is based on a data sample corresponding to 1.9 fb-1 of integrated luminosity from ppbar collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. In the llll channel, we observe three ZZ candidates with an expected background of 0.096^{+0.092}_{-0.063} events. In the llnunu channel, we use a leading-order calculation of the relative ZZ and WW event probabilities to discriminate between signal and background. In the combination of llll and llnunu channels, we observe an excess of events with a probability of $5.1\times 10^{-6}$ to be due to the expected background. This corresponds to a significance of 4.4 standard deviations. The measured cross section is sigma(ppbar -> ZZ) = 1.4^{+0.7}_{-0.6} (stat.+syst.) pb, consistent with the standard model expectation.
Measured cross section. Errors are combined statistics and systematics.
We report on the nuclear dependence of transverse single-spin asymmetries (TSSAs) in the production of positively-charged hadrons in polarized $p^{\uparrow}+p$, $p^{\uparrow}+$Al and $p^{\uparrow}+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV. The measurements have been performed at forward rapidity ($1.4<\eta<2.4$) over the range of $1.8<p_{T}<7.0$ GeV$/c$ and $0.1<x_{F}<0.2$. We observed a positive asymmetry $A_{N}$ for positively-charged hadrons in \polpp collisions, and a significantly reduced asymmetry in $p^{\uparrow}$+$A$ collisions. These results reveal a nuclear dependence of charged hadron $A_N$ in a regime where perturbative techniques are relevant. These results provide new opportunities to use \polpA collisions as a tool to investigate the rich phenomena behind TSSAs in hadronic collisions and to use TSSA as a new handle in studying small-system collisions.
$A_N$ as a function of $A^{1/3}$ for positively-charged hadrons at 1.4 < $\eta$ < 2.4, 0.1 < $x_F$ < 0.2, and 1.8 < $p_T$ < 7.0 GeV/$c$ in $p^{\uparrow}$+$p$, $p^{\uparrow}$+Al, and $p^{\uparrow}$+Au collisions.
$A_N$ as a function of $N^{Avg.}_{coll}$ for positively-charged hadrons at 1.4 < $\eta$ < 2.4, 0.1 < $x_F$ < 0.2, and 1.8 < $p_T$ < 7.0 GeV/$c$ in $p^{\uparrow}$+$p$, $p^{\uparrow}$+Al, and $p^{\uparrow}$+Au collisions.
The cross sections for the reactions $e^+e^- \to \phi\eta, \quad \phi\eta', \quad \rho\eta, \quad \rho\eta'$ have been measured using a data sample of 516 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. The corresponding values of the cross sections are: $1.4 \pm 0.4 \pm 0.1$ fb $(\phi\eta)$, $5.3 \pm 1.1 \pm 0.4$ fb $(\phi\eta')$, $3.1 \pm 0.5 \pm 0.1$ fb $(\rho\eta)$ and $3.3 \pm 0.6 \pm 0.2$ fb $(\rho\eta')$. The energy dependence of the cross sections is presented using Belle measurements together with those of CLEO and BaBar.
Radiativity corrected cross section.
Seventy-one events containing charmed-particle decays have been observed in an experiment using the SLAC Hybrid Facility exposed to a backward-scattered photon beam. Several improvements were made to the apparatus since the previous experiment on charm photoproduction. Results for the charmed-meson lifetimes are consistent with the published results from the previous experiment and the two data samples have been combined yielding a total sample of 136 charm events. After imposing rigorous cuts, 50 neutral, 48 charged, and 2 charged/neutral ambiguous decays remain. From these, the charmed-meson lifetimes are measured to be &=(8.6±1.3−0.3+0 .7)×10−13 sec, &=(6.1±0.9±0.3)×10 −13 sec, and their ratio &=1.4±0.3− 0.1+0.2. The total charm cross section at a photon energy of 20 GeV has been measured to be (62±8−10+15) nb. There is evidence for both DD¯X and D¯Λc+X production with σD¯Λc+X/σcharm=(71± 11±6)%.
No description provided.
In a sample of 3.02 million hadronic Z 0 decays collected by the DELPHI detector, 270 J ψ → ℓ + ℓ − candidates have been selected. A search for fully reconstructed B c ± mesons has yielded one B c ± → J ψ π ± candidate, no B c ± → J ψ ℓ ± ν ℓ candidates, and one B c ± → J ψ , π + π − π ± candidate, consistent with expected background in each channel. The following 90% confidence level upper limits are determined: Br(Z 0 → B c ± X) × Br(B c ± → J ψ π ± ) < (1.05 to 0.84) × 10 −4 and Br(Z 0 → B c ± X) × Br(B c ± → J ψ ℓ ± ν ℓ ) < (5.8 to 5.0) × 10 −5 , where the ranges quoted correspond to the range of predicted B c ± lifetimes from 0.4 to 1.4 ps, and Br(Z 0 → B c ± X) × Br(B c ± → J ψ π + π − π ± ) < 1.75 × 10 −4 , constant over the range of predicted B c ± lifetimes.
B/C life-time equals (0.4 to 1.4) ps.
First results on inclusive D0 and D* production in deep inelastic $ep$ scattering are reported using data collected by the H1 experiment at HERA in 1994. Differential cross sections are presented for both channels and are found to agree well with QCD predictions based on the boson gluon fusion process. A charm production cross section for 10GeV$~2\le Q~2\le100$GeV$~2$ and $0.01\le y\le0.7$ of $\sigma\left(ep\rightarrow c\overlinecX\right) = (17.4 \pm 1.6 \pm 1.7 \pm 1.4)$nb is derived. A first measurement of the charm contribution F2_charm(x,Q~2) to the proton structure function for Bjorken $x$ between $8\cdot10~{-4}$ and $8\cdot10~{-3}$ is presented. In this kinematic range a ratio F2_charm/F2= 0.237\pm0.021{+0.043\atop-0.039}$ is observed.
Inclusive D meson production cross sections. The second systematc error represents the model uncertainty.
Ratio of cross sections of D0 and D* production.
Normalised and absolute PT distributions. In the absolute cross section the first error includes the independent systematic errors. The first systematic error is the overall systematic error and the second is the overall model dependent error.
Using a silicon-microstrip detector array to identify secondary vertices occurring downstream of a short platinum target, we have searched for the decay D0→μ+μ−. Normalized relative to the J/ψ→μ+μ− signal observed in the same data sample, for a 3.25-mm minimum decay distance our branching-ratio sensitivity is (4.8±1.4)×10−6 per event, and after background subtraction we observe -4.1±4.8 events. Using the statistical approach advocated by the Particle Data Group, we obtain a limit B(D0→μ+μ−)<3.1×10−5 at 90% confidence, confirming with a different technique the limit previously obtained by Louis et al. The interpretation of the upper limit involves complex statistical issues; we present another approach which is more suitable for combining the results of different experiments.
Measured branching ratio.
Classical 90 PCT upper limit of branching ratio.
The cross section and transverse single-spin asymmetries of $\mu^{-}$ and $\mu^{+}$ from open heavy-flavor decays in polarized $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV were measured by the PHENIX experiment during 2012 at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Because heavy-flavor production is dominated by gluon-gluon interactions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV, these measurements offer a unique opportunity to obtain information on the trigluon correlation functions. The measurements are performed at forward and backward rapidity ($1.4<|y|<2.0$) over the transverse momentum range of $1.25<p_T<7$ GeV/$c$ for the cross section and $1.25<p_T<5$ GeV/$c$ for the asymmetry measurements. The obtained cross section is compared to a fixed-order-plus-next-to-leading-log perturbative-quantum-chromodynamics calculation. The asymmetry results are consistent with zero within uncertainties, and a model calculation based on twist-3 three-gluon correlations agrees with the data.
$A_N$ of negatively-charged muons from open heavy-flavor decays as a function of $p_T$ in the backward ($x_F$ < 0) and forward ($x_F$ > 0) regions.
$A_N$ of positively-charged muons from open heavy-flavor decays as a function of $p_T$ in the backward ($x_F$ < 0) and forward ($x_F$ > 0) regions.
$A_N$ of negatively-charged and positively-charged muons from open heavy-flavor decays as a function of $x_F$, where $x_F$ > 0 is along the direction of the polarized proton.
The differential cross section for the production of direct photons in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV at midrapidity was measured in the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Inclusive-direct photons were measured in the transverse-momentum range from 5.5--25 GeV/c, extending the range beyond previous measurements. Event structure was studied with an isolation criterion. Next-to-leading-order perturbative-quantum-chromodynamics calculations give a good description of the spectrum. When the cross section is expressed versus x_T, the PHENIX data are seen to be in agreement with measurements from other experiments at different center-of-mass energies.
Cross section of midrapidity inclusive-direct photon production in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV as a function of transverse momentum ($p_T$). Asymmetric statistical uncertainties occur in $p_T$ bins with no tagged $π^0$ counts.
Ratio of isolated/inclusive-direct photon (Fig. 13). Upper(+) and lower bounds(-) on systematics can be different, and are listed separately.
Ratio of isolated/inclusive photon from $π^0$ (Fig. 13).
We present the multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of photons produced in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at \sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 and 200 GeV. The photons are measured in the region -3.7 < \eta < -2.3 using the photon multiplicity detector in the STAR experiment at RHIC. The number of photons produced per average number of participating nucleon pairs increases with the beam energy and is independent of the collision centrality. For collisions with similar average numbers of participating nucleons the photon multiplicities are observed to be similar for Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at a given beam energy. The ratios of the number of charged particles to photons in the measured pseudorapidity range are found to be 1.4 +/- 0.1 and 1.2 +/- 0.1 for \sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV, respectively. The energy dependence of this ratio could reflect varying contributions from baryons to charged particles, while mesons are the dominant contributors to photon production in the given kinematic region. The photon pseudorapidity distributions normalized by average number of participating nucleon pairs, when plotted as a function of \eta - ybeam, are found to follow a longitudinal scaling independent of centrality and colliding ion species at both beam energies.
Fig. 1. (Color online.) Top panel: Photon reconstruction efficiency $\left(\epsilon_{\gamma}\right)$ (solid symbols) and purity of photon sample $\left(f_{\mathrm{p}}\right)$ (open symbols) for PMD as a function of pseudorapidity $(\eta)$ for minimum bias $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ and $\mathrm{Cu}+\mathrm{Cu}$ at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ $200 \mathrm{GeV}$. Bottom panel: Comparison between estimated $\epsilon_{\gamma}$ and $f_{\mathrm{p}}$ for PMD as a function of $\eta$ for minimum bias $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=62.4 \mathrm{GeV}$ using HIJING and AMPT models. The error bars on the AMPT data are statistical and those for HIJING are within the symbol size. NOTE: For points with invisible error bars, the point size was considered as an absolute upper limit for the uncertainty.
Fig. 1. (Color online.) Top panel: Photon reconstruction efficiency $\left(\epsilon_{\gamma}\right)$ (solid symbols) and purity of photon sample $\left(f_{\mathrm{p}}\right)$ (open symbols) for PMD as a function of pseudorapidity $(\eta)$ for minimum bias $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ and $\mathrm{Cu}+\mathrm{Cu}$ at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ $200 \mathrm{GeV}$. Bottom panel: Comparison between estimated $\epsilon_{\gamma}$ and $f_{\mathrm{p}}$ for PMD as a function of $\eta$ for minimum bias $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=62.4 \mathrm{GeV}$ using HIJING and AMPT models. The error bars on the AMPT data are statistical and those for HIJING are within the symbol size. NOTE: For points with invisible error bars, the point size was considered as an absolute upper limit for the uncertainty.
Fig. 2. (Color online.) Event-by-event photon multiplicity distributions (solid circles) for $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ and $\mathrm{Cu}+\mathrm{Cu}$ at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=62.4$ and $200 \mathrm{GeV} .$ The distributions for top $0-5 \%$ central $\mathrm{Au}+$ Au collisions and top $0-10 \%$ central $\mathrm{Cu}+\mathrm{Cu}$ collisions are also shown (open circles). The photon multiplicity distributions for central collisions are observed to be Gaussian (solid line). Only statistical errors are shown. NOTE: For points with invisible error bars, the point size was considered as an absolute upper limit for the uncertainty.
We present data from a spark-chamber study of K+p elastic scattering between 432 and 939 MeV/c, over the range −0.6<cosθc.m.<+0.7. With measurements at 13 momenta, and between 2000 events at the lowest momentum and 5000 events at the highest momentum, there is a major improvement over previous data. The elastic cross sections deduced from the differential cross sections are almost independent of momentum through the range covered. The data are inconsistent with counter measurements of the total cross section which suggest a sharp shoulder in the cross section at about 700 MeV/c.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured open heavy flavor production in Cu$+$Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=200 GeV through the measurement of electrons at midrapidity that originate from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom hadrons. In peripheral Cu$+$Cu collisions an enhanced production of electrons is observed relative to $p$$+$$p$ collisions scaled by the number of binary collisions. In the transverse momentum range from 1 to 5 GeV/$c$ the nuclear modification factor is $R_{AA}$$\sim$1.4. As the system size increases to more central Cu$+$Cu collisions, the enhancement gradually disappears and turns into a suppression. For $p_T>3$ GeV/$c$, the suppression reaches $R_{AA}$$\sim$0.8 in the most central collisions. The $p_T$ and centrality dependence of $R_{AA}$ in Cu$+$Cu collisions agree quantitatively with $R_{AA}$ in $d+$Au and Au$+$Au collisions, if compared at similar number of participating nucleons $\langle N_{\rm part} \rangle$.
The $p_T$ spectra of electrons from the decays of open heavy flavor hadrons produced in Cu+Cu collisions, separated by centrality.
The $p_T$ spectra of electrons from the decays of open heavy flavor hadrons produced in Cu+Cu collisions, separated by centrality.
The $p_T$ spectra of electrons from the decays of open heavy flavor hadrons produced in Cu+Cu collisions, separated by centrality.
Background: Heavy-flavor production in p+p collisions tests perturbative-quantum-chromodynamics (pQCD) calculations. Modification of heavy-flavor production in heavy-ion collisions relative to binary-collision scaling from p+p results, quantified with the nuclear-modification factor (R_AA), provides information on both cold- and hot-nuclear-matter effects. Purpose: Determine transverse-momentum, pt, spectra and the corresponding R_AA for muons from heavy-flavor mesons decay in p+p and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV and y=1.65. Method: Results are obtained using the semi-leptonic decay of heavy-flavor mesons into negative muons. The PHENIX muon-arm spectrometers measure the p_T spectra of inclusive muon candidates. Backgrounds, primarily due to light hadrons, are determined with a Monte-Carlo calculation using a set of input hadron distributions tuned to match measured-hadron distributions in the same detector and statistically subtracted. Results: The charm-production cross section in p+p collisions at sqrt{s}=200 GeV, integrated over pt and in the rapidity range 1.4<y<1.9 is found to be dsigma_ccbar/dy = 0.139 +/- 0.029 (stat) ^{+0.051}_{-0.058} (syst) mb. This result is consistent with calculations and with expectations based on the corresponding midrapidity charm-production cross section measured earlier by PHENIX. The R_AA for heavy-flavor muons in Cu+Cu collisions is measured in three centrality intervals for 1<pt<4 GeV/c. Suppression relative to binary-collision scaling (R_AA<1) increases with centrality. Conclusions: Within experimental and theoretical uncertainties, the measured heavy-flavor yield in p+p collisions is consistent with state-of-the-art pQCD calculations. Suppression in central Cu+Cu collisions suggests the presence of significant cold-nuclear-matter effects and final-state energy loss.
Production cross section of negative muons from heavy-flavor mesons decay as a function of $p_T$ in $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV.
Invariant production yields of negative muons from heavy-flavor-mesons decay as a function $p_T$ in Cu+Cu collisions for three different centrality intervals (40-94%, 20-40%, and 0-20%), scaled by powers of ten for clarity. The solid line associated to each set of points corresponds to a fit to the $p$+$p$ invariant yield distribution described in the text, scaled by the appropriate number of binary collisions $N_{coll}$ when comparing to the Cu+Cu measurements.
Invariant production yields of negative muons from heavy-flavor-mesons decay as a function $p_T$ in $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV. The solid line associated to each set of points corresponds to a fit to the $p$+$p$ invariant yield distribution described in the text, scaled by the appropriate number of binary collisions $N_{coll}$ when comparing to the Cu+Cu measurements.
Limits on $\nu_\mu (\overline{\nu}_\mu) \to \nu_e (\overline{\nu}_e)$ oscillations based on a statistical separation of $\nu_e N$ charged current interactions in the CCFR detector at Fermilab are presented. $\nu_e$ interactions are identified by the difference in the longitudinal shower energy deposition pattern of $\nu_e N \rightarrow eX$ versus $\nu_\mu N \to \nu_\mu X$ interactions. Neutrino energies range from 30 to 600 GeV with a mean of 140 GeV, and $\nu_\mu$ flight lengths vary from 0.9 km to 1.4 km. The lowest 90% confidence upper limit in $sin^2 2\alpha$ of $1.1 \times 10^{-3}$ is obtained at $\Delta m^2 \sim 300 eV^2$. For $sin^2 2\alpha = 1$, $\Delta m^2 > 1.6 eV^2$ is excluded, and for $\Delta m^2 \gg 1000 eV^2$, $sin^2 2\alpha > 1.8 \times 10^{-3}$ is excluded. This result is the most stringent limit to date for $\Delta m^2 > 25 eV^2$ and it excludes the high $\Delta m^2$ oscillation region favoured by the LSND experiment. The $\nu_\mu$-to-$\nu_e$ cross-section ratio was measured as a test of $\nu_\mu (\bar\nu_\mu) \leftrightarrow \nu_e (\bar\nu_e)$ universality to be $1.026 \pm 0.055$.
ALPHA is the neutrino mixing angle. The result for SIN(ALPHA)**2 from the fit at each Delta(M)**2 for NUMU -->NUE oscillations. The 90% CL upper limit is equal to the best fit SIN(ALPHA)**2 + 1.2*SIGMA.
No description provided.
This Letter describes the current most precise measurement of the $W$ boson pair production cross section and most sensitive test of anomalous $WW\gamma$ and $WWZ$ couplings in $p \bar p$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The $WW$ candidates are reconstructed from decays containing two charged leptons and two neutrinos, where the charged leptons are either electrons or muons. Using data collected by the CDF II detector from 3.6 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, a total of 654 candidate events are observed with an expected background contribution of $320 \pm 47$ events. The measured total cross section is $\sigma (p \bar p \to W^+ W^- + X) = 12.1 \pm 0.9 \textrm{(stat)} ^{+1.6}_{-1.4} \textrm{(syst)}$ pb, which is in good agreement with the standard model prediction. The same data sample is used to place constraints on anomalous $WW\gamma$ and $WWZ$ couplings.
Measured cross section for inclusive W+ W- production.
The momentum distribution of electrons from semi-leptonic decays of charm and bottom for mid-rapidity |y|<0.35 in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV is measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) over the transverse momentum range 2 < p_T < 7 GeV/c. The ratio of the yield of electrons from bottom to that from charm is presented. The ratio is determined using partial D/D^bar --> e^{+/-} K^{-/+} X (K unidentified) reconstruction. It is found that the yield of electrons from bottom becomes significant above 4 GeV/c in p_T. A fixed-order-plus-next-to-leading-log (FONLL) perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) calculation agrees with the data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties. The extracted total bottom production cross section at this energy is \sigma_{b\b^bar}= 3.2 ^{+1.2}_{-1.1}(stat) ^{+1.4}_{-1.3}(syst) micro b.
Bottom contribution to the electrons from heavy flavor decay as a function of PT. These values has been obtained using g3data software which to extract the data from the plot and should therefore be used with caution. The g3data program indicates an extra uncertainty of 0.01 on these values.
Differential bottom production cross section at mid rapidity (y=0) To obtain this value, the differential "bottom-decay" electrons cross-section has been extrapolated to PT=0 using the spectrum shape predicted by pQCD. The b->e branching ratio used was 10 +-1%.
Invariant cross section of electrons from heavy flavor decay versus PT These values has been obtained using g3data software which to extract the data from the plot and should therefore be used with caution. The values in the last column indicate the level of uncertainty intoduced by g3data.
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