Total cross sections of π+ and π− mesons on protons and deuterons have been measured in a transmission experiment to relative accuracies of ±0.2% over the laboratory momentum range 0.46-2.67 GeV/c. The systematic error is estimated to be about ±0.5% over most of the range, increasing to about ±2% near both ends. Data have been obtained at momentum intervals of 25-50 MeV/c with a momentum resolution of ±0.6%. No new structure is observed in the π±p total cross sections, but results differ in several details from previous experiments. From 1-2 GeV/c, where systematic erros are the smallest, the total cross section of π− mesons on deuterons is found to be consistently higher than that of π+ mesons by (1.3±0.3)%; about half of this difference may be understood in terms of Coulomb-barrier effects. The πd and πN total cross sections are used to check the validity of the Glauber theory. Substantial disagreements (up to 2 mb) are observed, and the conclusion is drawn that the Glauber theory is inadequate in this momentum range.
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Measurements have been made of the π ∓ proton total cross sections over the laboratory kinetic energy range 70 to 290 MeV. The absolute accuracy of the data is generally 0.5 %, but decreases to 1 % for some points where applied corrections are large or where low particle fluxes limit the statistical accuracy.
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Measurements have been made of the total charge-exchange cross section π − p to π 0 n over the laboratory kinetic energy range 90 to 290 MeV. The data have an absolute accuracy of typically 1%, and have here been used to determine the pion-nucleon P 13 phase shift.
QUADRATIC INTERPOLATION.
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Elastic diffraction scattering of π − , K − and p on protons has been measured at 25 and 40 GeV/c at the Serpukhov Proton Accelerator. Differential elastic cross sections and diffraction slopes are presented in the momentum-transfer interval 0.07–0.80 (GeV/ c ) 2 and compared with existing data at lower energies.
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The π − p differential elastic scattering cross sections have been measured for eight momenta in the 33–55 GeV/ c range. The energy dependence of the slope and of the total elastic scattering cross sections has been determined experimentally. The results are compared with the known data. The experimental data are compared both with the Regge pole model and with the quasi-potential one.
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Cross sections, differential cross sections, density matrix elements and statistical tensors are given for the reactions π + p → ( ϱ 0 , ω ) Δ ++ at 13.2 GeV/ c . A discussion of the results in terms of particle exchanges, quark model or dipole coupling constraints, and the equal phase hypothesis is presented in some detail for the high statistics ϱ 0 Δ ++ channel.
BREIT-WIGNER FITS WHICH CORRECT FOR RESONANCE TAILS AND BACKGROUNDS.
JACKSON FRAME DENSITY MATRIX ELEMENTS.
HELICITY FRAME DENSITY MATRIX ELEMENTS.
Total cross sections of π± and K± on protons and deuterons have been measured at 50, 100, 150, and 200 GeV/c. All of the cross sections rise with increasing momentum.
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PARTICLE-ANTIPARTICLE CROSS SECTION DIFFERENCES - SOME COMMON ERRORS CANCEL.
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New measurements are reported of total cross sections for π ± , K ± , p and p on protons and deuterons at 11 momenta between 23 and 280 GeV/ c .
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The invariant mass spectrum of neutral meson states from π − p interactions at 40 GeV/ c incident momentum has been investigated in a high statistics experiment performed at the 70 GeV IHEP accelerator. To detect the high energy photons coming from the produced neutral states, a hodoscope spectrometer with a computer on-line was used. A clear structure on the mass spectrum of dipions produced in the reaction π − p→π°π°n is observed at 2 GeV. The decay angular distributions show in this mass region the variation with mass typical of a state with a spin J = 4. The mass of the observed meson is found to be M = (2020±30)MeV and the estimate of the full width is (180±60) MeV.
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Results are presented on the topological cross sections obtained for antiproton-proton interactions from an exposure of the Fermilab 30-inch bubble chamber to a 100 GeV/ c negative beam enriched in p 's. The p p inelastic cross section is found to be σ inel = 34.6 ± 0.4 mb, and the average inelastic charged particle multiplicity to be 〈 n 〉 = 6.74 ± 0.05.
ERRORS ARE STATISTICAL ONLY EXCEPT FOR 2-PRONG CROSS-SECTIONS.
EXPONENTIAL FIT TO ELASTIC T DISTRIBUTION TO CORRECT FOR AN APPARENT LOSS OF EVENTS AT SMALL -T.
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The reaction π − + p → π − + π − + π + + p at 25 GeV/ c was studied in the mass region M 3 π ⩾ 1.8 GeV with leading π + . The mass spectrum of the π + π − system shows peaks corresponding to the ϱ 0 , f and g 0 resonances and an enhancement around 1.9 GeV. Evidence is presented for a J P = 3 + s-wave g 0 π − state (A 4 ) similar to the ϱ 0 π − (A 1 ) and fπ − (A 3 ) threshold enhancements.
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The invariant mass spectrum of neutral final states produced in π − p charge-exchange scattering at 40 GeV/ c has been studied, searching for heavy particles decaying in 2γ. A peak is observed around 2.85 GeV/ c 2 . The cross section of the reaction π − p→X(2.85)+n, times the branching ratio of the X→2 γ decay, is measured to be σ × BR ⋍ 2 × 10 −34 cm 2 .
MEAN VALUE OF -T = 0.28 +- 0.04 GEV**2.
A high-statistics measurement of the reaction π − p→ η n; η →2 γ has been performed at the 70 GeV Serpukhov accelerator for 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 GeV/ c incident pion momentum using the NICE set-up with its associated 648-channel hodoscope spectrometer for γ-ray detection. It is found that the spin-flip and non-spin-flip amplitudes can be parametrized, for small | t |, as exponentials with the same slopes to within a few percent. For | t | ≳ 1 (GeV/ c ) 2 there is a break in the differential cross section. In addition, the A 2 effective trajectory deviates markedly for | t | ≳ 1 GeV/ c ) 2 from the linear behaviour valid for smaller | t |.
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Measurements were made of the cross section of the reactions π − p → ν ′(958)n, η ′ → 2 γ at momenta at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 GeV/c. The experiment was carried out on the IHEP 70 GeV accelerator using the 648 channel hodoscope spectrometer NICE for γ-ray detection. A total of 6000 η′ mesons were recorded. A sharp drop is seen in the differential cross section for t → 0. The dependences of the differential cross sections for the π − p → η ′n and π − p → η n on t are identical. On the basis of the ratio of the cross sections for these reactions at t = 0, i.e. R( η′ n ) t=0 = 0.55 ± 0.06 , the singlet-octet mixing angle for pseudoscalar mesons was determined to be β = −(18.2 ± 1.4)°.
DATA AT 20, 25 AND 30 GEV/C SUMMED AND NORMALIZED TO THE CROSS SECTION AT 25 GEV/C.
DATA AT 20, 25 AND 30 GEV/C SUMMED AND NORMALIZED TO THE CROSS SECTION AT 25 GEV/C.
A high statistics measurement of the reaction π − p → π 0 n has been performed at the Serpukhov accelerator for 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 GeV/ c incident pion momentum using the NICE set-up with its associated 648-channel hodoscope spectrometer for γ-ray detection. More than 3 million charge-exchange events have been recorded in total. It is found that the spin-flip and non-spin-flip amplitudes can be parametrized, for small | t |, as exponentials with the same slopes to within a few percent. Also the behaviour of the differential cross section for small and medium | t | agrees with the prediction of a geometrical s -channel model which describes binary reactions in terms of a complex pole b 0 ( s ). The imaginary part of this universal pole, Im b 0 ( s ), has been determined and found to be growing logarithmically with s .
The production of K s 0 , Λ and Λ is measured in π + p interactions at 32 GeV/ c . The total inclusive cross sections are found to be 2.07±0.14, 1.00±0.10 and 0.14±0.04 mb, respectively. The energy dependence of total inclusive cross sections and inclusive distributions is discussed and a comparison is made with p, p , K + and K − induced reactions. We find that the factorization hypothesis is satisfied for the inclusive reactions π + p→ Λ X and K + p→ Λ X. Multi-strange-particle production is similar in π + p and K + p interactions at 32 GeV/ c . There is evidence for beam fragmentation in Λ production. The hierarchy of Λ inclusive cross sections in p , K + , π + and K − induced reactions at 32 GeV/ c is qualitatively explained by a quark recombination model. The cross sections for inclusive K ∗ + (892) and Σ + (1385) production in 32 GeV/ c π + p interactions are 1.07±0.57 mb and 0.19±0.08 mb, respectively.
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FIRST VARIANT OF INSTALLATION.
SECOND VARIANT OF INSTALLATION.
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Results are presented from a study of inclusive neutral strange particle production by a 147 GeV/ c tagged π + /K + /p beam in the Fermilab 30-inch hydrogen bubble chamber. The experiment made use of the proportional hybrid spectrometer system. Results are based on 995 K S 0 , 485 Λ, and 83 Λ found in a sample of 132 000 pictures. Cross sections are given for inclusive production of these particles by each of the three beam particles, and comparisons are made with measurements at other energies. Topological cross sections are also calculated, and KNO multiplicity scaling is investigated. Distributions are presented of invariant cross sections as functions of the Feynman scaling variable x and c.m. rapidity y . The transverse momentum-squared distributions with their fitted slopes are also given. Comparisons are made of the production characteristics for the three beam types.
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The reaction π − p→ π 0 ηn ↳2y ↳2y has been analyzed using data of an experimental performed at the 70 GeV accelerator, with the NICE 648 channel hodoscope spectrometer for γ ray detection. Events with 4 γ seen are used for the analysis. A method is applied, which allows the determination of the number of π 0 η events for each mass, cos θ GJ and t bin. Mass spectra, t distributions and decay angular distributions for the π 0 η system are presented. The cross section for the production of A 2 0 is found to be 2.7 ± 1.1 μ b at 40 GeV/ c beam momentum. No indication of a resonant 1 − state in the π 0 η system is observed, in spite of the fact that this state is allowed for the π 0 η system on the same footing as the observed 0 + and 2 + resonances.
ERROR INCLUDES UNCERTAINTIES IN SEVERAL CORRECTIONS AND IN BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION.
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We have studied the inclusive production of K*±(890) and Y*±(1385) in pp, π+p, and K+p interactions at 147 GeV/c. The experiment used the Fermilab 30-inch hydrogen bubble chamber with the hybrid spectrometer system. Results are based on a sample of 1916 observed KS and 932 observed A. Inclusive cross sections are given for K*± and Y*± production from the three beams, and comparisons are made with experiments at other energies. Feynman-x and transverse-momentum-squared distributions are also calculated. The results suggest that the K*− is entirely produced in the central region, while the K*+ includes a component from beam fragmentation. Comparisons are made with the additive quark model.
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We have studied the reactions π+n→K+K−p, π+p→K+K−Δ++, and π+p→(K+K−π+)p in 10-GeV/c π+d interactions using the large-aperture solenoid spectrometer at SLAC. We measure the cross sections times branching ratios for the production of the known meson resonances f(1270), g(1690), and h(2040). We also observe a new resonance with mass 2747±32 MeV, width 195±75 MeV, and production cross section times branching ratio into K+K−π+ of 0.84±0.08 μb. The data are consistent with the quantum numbers of this state being I=1, JP=7−.
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In a high-statistics experiment (200 events/nanobarn) performed at the 70 GeV IHEP accelerator, a new dipion resonance has been observed in π−p collisions at 38 GeV/c momentum. The gamma-rays in reaction π−p → M0n, M0 → π0π0 → 4γ have been detected in the hodoscope spectrometer GAMS-2000. The new meson, r(2510), has a mass (2510±30) MeV/c2, a width (240±60) MeV/c2 and spin-parityJPC=6++. The production cross-section of the f, h and r mesons decreases exponentially with spin like exp [−0.9J].
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η′η pair production in the charge exchange reaction π−p→η′ηn has been observed and studied in a search for glueballs with the 38 GeV/c pion beam of the 70 GeV IHEP accelerator. The γ-rays from the decay η′η→4γ were detected with the hodoscope spectrometer GAMS-2000. The η′η events in the mass range from threshold up to 1.8 GeV are decays of the scalar G(1590)-meson which has been already observed in its ηη decay mode. The measured ratio of the partial widths of the G→η′η and the G → ηη decay channels is 2.7±0.8 in agreement with the value expected for glueballs.
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Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////NOT GIVEN).
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////NOT GIVEN).
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The results of the study of the π + p→K + ∑ + (1) and π + p→K + ∑ + (1385) (2) reactions at 12 GeV/ c are presented. The differential cross sections d σ /d t in| t min |<| t |<0.8 (GeV/ c ) 2 momentum transfer range are measured. The ∑ + polarisation for | t |<0.5 (GeV/ c ) 2 for reaction (1) is defined. Binary reactions (1) and (2) were selected by analyzing the missing mass spectra for the forward emitted fast K + meson. The total cross sections in the studied momentum transfer range are 20.2±2.4 μ b and 7.3±1.1 μ b for the reactions (1) and (2) respectively. The experimental results are compared with the predictions of the Regge models which take into account rescattering and secondary singularities.
SYSTEMATIC ERRORS INCLUDED.
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The charmonium χ states are observed in both π− and p Be interactions near 200 GeV/c via their radiative decay into J/ψ. The χ(3510) and χ(3555) are produced with roughly equal cross sections in π− collisions while the χ(3555) dominates in p collisions. Simple gluon fusion can account for χ production with incident protons but additional mechanisms are needed for incident π−.
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A structure has been observed at 2220 MeV in the mass spectrum of ηη ′ systems produced by 38GeV/ c and 100 GeV/ c ′ negative pions on protons. The angular distribution of the decay products shows that this structure is presumably a spin J ⩾ 2 meson.
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A narrow meson which decays into ηη is observed in 38 GeV/ c π − p collisions at large momentum transfer. The experiment has been performed at the Serpukhov accelerator with the GAMS-2000 spectrometer. The mass of this new meson is (1755 ± 8) MeV, its width is less than 50 MeV. Its spin-parity is J PC =0 ++ or less probably 2 ++ .
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FROM EXPONENTIAL FIT OF D(SIG)/D(T) IN RANGE 0. < ABS(T) < 1. GEV.
Data on the 4π 0 decay mode of mesons have been obtained in a search for glueballs performed at the CERN SPS with the GAMS-4000 multiphoton spectrometer. A new tensor glueball candidate X(1810) appears as a clear peak in the 4π 0 mass spectrum. The 4π 0 decay of G(1590) is also observed. The measured value of BR(G→4 π 0 )/BR(G→ ηη )=0.8±0.3 further supports the glueball assignment of this scalar particle. The rate decay of f(1270) into 4π 0 has been measured: BR(f→4 π 0 ) = (3±1)×10 −3 .
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Significant production of G(1590), a scalar glueball candidate, is observed in a study of η pairs produced in π−N central collisions at 300 GeV/ c .
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A non q q ,J PC = 1 −+ , I G =1 − meson has been observed in the study of the exclusive reaction π − p→π 0 ηn at 100 GeV. Its mass is (1406±20) MeV. Its width is (180±30) MeV.
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Evidence for a new meson decaying into ηη′ has been found in 38 GeV π − p charge-exchange interactions. The mass and the width of this meson are (1917 ± 15) MeV and (90 −50 +35 ) MeV, respectively. Possible spin and parity assignments are J PC = 0 ++ , 1 −+ or 2 ++ , isospin and G -parity are I G = 0 + . The t -dependence of the differential cross section follows an exponential behaviour exp( bt with a small slope: b = (2±1) (GeV/ c ) −2 .Upper limits on its decay into ππ, ηη and K K exotic interpretation of this meson.
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