Excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino R-hadron mass. The central value of the lower-limit of the observed and expected excluded masses at the 95% CL is given.

Cross-section as a function of mass for stable gluino R-hadrons. The central value of the observed and expected 95% upper limit on excluded cross-section is given. The 1 sigma band on the expected UL is given as an uncertainty.

Data (bold boxes) and background estimates (colour fill) for m_beta vs. m_betagamma for the gluino R-hadron search (1000 GeV). The blue thin-line boxes illustrate the expected signal (on top of background) for the given R-hadron mass hypothesis. The black dashed vertical/horizontal lines at 500 GeV show the mass selection (signal region in the top-right). Two events pass this selection.

Expected (dashed black line) and observed (solid red line) 95% CL upper limits on the cross section as a function of mass for the production of long-lived gluino R-hadrons. The theory prediction along with its +-1sigma uncertainty is show as a black line and a blue band, respectively. The observed 8 TeV Run-1 limit and theory prediction [arXiv:1411.6795] are shown in dash-dotted and dotted lines, respectively.

Expected (dashed black line) and observed (solid red line) 95% CL upper limits on the cross section as a function of mass for the production of bottom-squark R-hadrons. The theory prediction along with its +-1sigma uncertainty is show as a black line and a blue band, respectively. The observed 8 TeV Run-1 limit and theory prediction [arXiv:1411.6795] are shown in dash-dotted and dotted lines, respectively.

Expected (dashed black line) and observed (solid red line) 95% CL upper limits on the cross section as a function of mass for the production of top-squark R-hadrons. The theory prediction along with its +-1sigma uncertainty is show as a black line and a blue band, respectively. The observed 8 TeV Run-1 limit and theory prediction [arXiv:1411.6795] are shown in dash-dotted and dotted lines, respectively.

Final selection requirements as a function of the simulated R-hadron mass.

Summary of all studied systematic uncertainties. Ranges indicate a dependency on the R-hadron mass hypothesis (from low to high masses).

Expected signal yield (Nsig) and efficiency (eff.), estimated background (Nbkg) and observed number of events in data (Nobs) for the full mass range after the final selection using 3.2/fb of data. The stated uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic contribution.

Distribution of the truth-level beta for gluino R-hadrons in exemplary signal MC samples and muons in a Zmumu MC sample. All distributions have been normalised to one. The last bin contains the overflow of the histograms. The distributions illustrate the good discriminating power of the variables.

Distribution of the truth-level betagamma for gluino R-hadrons in exemplary signal MC samples and muons in a Zmumu MC sample. All distributions have been normalised to one. The last bin contains the overflow of the histograms. The distributions illustrate the good discriminating power of the variables.

Expected (dashed black line) and observed (solid red line) 95% confidence level upper limits on the cross section as a function of mass for the production of long-lived gluino R-hadrons. The theory prediction along with its +-1sigma uncertainty is show as a black line and a blue band, respectively. For meta-stable gluinos with a lifetime of 50 ns. (mass exclusion: about 1660 GeV expected, 1520 GeV observed).

Expected (dashed black line) and observed (solid red line) 95% confidence level upper limits on the cross section as a function of mass for the production of long-lived gluino R-hadrons. The theory prediction along with its +-1sigma uncertainty is show as a black line and a blue band, respectively. For meta-stable gluinos with a lifetime of 30 ns. (mass exclusion: about 1660 GeV expected, 1520 GeV observed).

Expected (dashed black line) and observed (solid red line) 95% confidence level upper limits on the cross section as a function of mass for the production of long-lived gluino R-hadrons. The theory prediction along with its +-1sigma uncertainty is show as a black line and a blue band, respectively. For meta-stable gluinos with a lifetime of 10 ns. (mass exclusion: about 1660 GeV expected, 1520 GeV observed).

Object-quality selection cut-flow with observed data and exemplary expected events (scaled to 3.2/fb for MC) in the gluino R-hadron search.

Object-quality selection cut-flow with observed data and exemplary expected events (scaled to 3.2/fb for MC) in the squark R-hadron search.

Expected signal yield (Nsig) and efficiency (eff.), estimated background (Nbkg) and observed number of events in data (Nobs) for the full mass range in the meta-stable gluino R-hadron search using 3.2/fb of data. The stated uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic contribution.

Selection efficiency x Acceptance for a spin-0 resonance.

Reconstructed m_tt spectrum for the boosted selections.

Reconstructed m_tt spectrum for the resolved selections.

Reconstructed m_tt spectrum for the all the selections.

Limits on the production cross-section x branching ratio to tt final states as a function of the mass of Z'TC2.

Limits on the production cross-section x branching ratio to tt final states as a function of the mass of bulk RS KK graviton.

Limits on the production cross-section x branching ratio to tt final states as a function of the mass of bulk RS KK gluon.

Limits on the production cross-section x branching ratio to tt final states as a function of the mass of a scalar.

Limits on the production cross-section x branching ratio to tt final states as a function of the width of a 1TeV bulk RS KK gluon.

Limits on the production cross-section x branching ratio to tt final states as a function of the width of a 2TeV bulk RS KK gluon.

Limits on the production cross-section x branching ratio to tt final states as a function of the width of a 3TeV bulk RS KK gluon.

Migration from the true mtt values to the reconstructed mtt values for the resolved selection.

Migration from the true mtt values to the reconstructed mtt values for the boosted selection.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 10j50 2b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j80 0b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j80 2b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

Observed 95% CL limit for the pMSSM grid.

Observed 95% CL limit for the pMSSM grid when the signal cross section is increased by one standard deviation.

Observed 95% CL limit for the pMSSM grid when the signal cross section is decreased by one standard deviation.

Expected 95% CL limit for the pMSSM grid.

+1 sigma excursion of the expected 95% CL limit for the pMSSM grid.

-1 sigma excursion of the expected 95% CL limit for the pMSSM grid.

Observed 95% CL limit for the 2Step grid.

Observed 95% CL limit for the 2Step grid when the signal cross section is increased by one standard deviation.

Observed 95% CL limit for the 2Step grid when the signal cross section is decreased by one standard deviation.

Expected 95% CL limit for the 2Step grid.

+1 sigma excursion of the expected 95% CL limit for the 2Step grid.

-1 sigma excursion of the expected 95% CL limit for the 2Step grid.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j50 0b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j50 1b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j50 2b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 9j50 0b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 9j50 1b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 9j50 2b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 10j50 0b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 10j50 1b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 10j50 2b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 7j80 0b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 7j80 1b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 7j80 2b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j80 0b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j80 1b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

$E_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{miss}} / \sqrt{H_{\mathrm{T}}}$ distribution in signal region 8j80 2b. Two benchmark signal models are overlaid on the plot for comparison. Labelled `pMSSM' and `2-step', they show signal distributions from the example SUSY models (as described in the paper): a pMSSM slice model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{\pm}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV and a cascade decay model with ($m \tilde{g}$, $m \tilde{\chi_{1}^{0}}$) = (1300, 200) GeV.

Degree of multijet closure for signal and vaidation regions with at no b-jet requirement. The solid lines are the pre-fit predicted numbers of events and the points are the observed numbers. The blue hatched band shows only the statistical (MC and data) uncertainty on the background estimate. The bins labelled in bold are signal regions, while the others are validation regions. The template closure uncertainty for each SR bin is given by the maximal deviation of data from prediction in any non-SR bin to its left on this plot (although those for 80 GeV regions are independent of deviations in 50 GeV regions).

Degree of multijet closure for signal and vaidation regions with at least 1 b-jet. The solid lines are the pre-fit predicted numbers of events and the points are the observed numbers. The blue hatched band shows only the statistical (MC and data) uncertainty on the background estimate. The bins labelled in bold are signal regions, while the others are validation regions. The template closure uncertainty for each SR bin is given by the maximal deviation of data from prediction in any non-SR bin to its left on this plot (although those for 80 GeV regions are independent of deviations in 50 GeV regions).

Degree of multijet closure for signal and vaidation regions with at least 2 b-jets. The solid lines are the pre-fit predicted numbers of events and the points are the observed numbers. The blue hatched band shows only the statistical (MC and data) uncertainty on the background estimate. The bins labelled in bold are signal regions, while the others are validation regions. The template closure uncertainty for each SR bin is given by the maximal deviation of data from prediction in any non-SR bin to its left on this plot (although those for 80 GeV regions are independent of deviations in 50 GeV regions).

Summary of all 15 signal regions (post-fit).

Signal region yielding the best-expected CLs value, the best expected CLs value, and the corresponding observed CLs value for the 2Step grid.

Signal region yielding the best-expected CLs value, the best expected CLs value, and the corresponding observed CLs value for the pMSSM grid.

95% CLs observed upper limit on model cross-section for 2-step signal points for the best-expected signal region.

Performance of the 8j50-0b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j50-1b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j50-2b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 9j50-0b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 9j50-1b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 9j50-2b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 10j50-0b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 10j50-1b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 10j50-2b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 7j80-0b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 7j80-1b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 7j80-2b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j80-0b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j80-1b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j80-2b selection for the pMSSM grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j50-0b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j50-1b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j50-2b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 9j50-0b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 9j50-1b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 9j50-2b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 10j50-0b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 10j50-1b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 10j50-2b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 7j80-0b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 7j80-1b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 7j80-2b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j80-0b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j80-1b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Performance of the 8j80-2b selection for the 2Step grid: number of generated signal events; total signal cross-section; acceptance; efficiency (fractional); observed CL using this region alone; expected CL using this region alone.

Detector response matrix (PROB) for the acoplanarity variable (ACO) for mu+ mu- channel (empty bins are not reported).

Acoplanarity (ACO) distributions unfolded for detector resolution, and lepton pair trigger, reconstruction and identification efficiencies for e+ e- channel (empty bins are not reported).

Acoplanarity (ACO) distributions unfolded for detector resolution, and lepton pair trigger, reconstruction and identification efficiencies for mu+ mu- channel (empty bins are not reported).

The lepton pair exclusive selection efficiency in the fiducial region for signal MC events as a function of M and Y for e+ e- channel.

The lepton pair exclusive selection efficiency in the fiducial region for signal MC events as a function of M and Y for mu+ mu- channel.

The lepton pair exclusive selection efficiency in the fiducial region for single-dissociative MC events as a function of M and Y for e+ e- channel.

The lepton pair exclusive selection efficiency in the fiducial region for single-dissociative MC events as a function of M and Y for mu+ mu- channel.

Efficiency for the calorimetric MET>80 GeV trigger as a function of the metastable R-hadron mass. The R-hadron decays to g/qq plus neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV with a lifetime of 1 ns.

Efficiency for the calorimetric MET>80 GeV trigger as a function of the metastable R-hadron mass. The R-hadron decays to g/qq plus neutralino of mass 100 GeV with a lifetime of 1 ns.

Efficiency for the calorimetric MET>80 GeV trigger as a function of the stable chargino mass.

Total selection efficiency as a function of the stable R-hadron mass.

Total selection efficiency as a function of the metastable R-hadron mass. The R-hadron decays to g/qq plus neutralino of mass 100 GeV with a lifetime of 10 ns.

Total selection efficiency as a function of the metastable R-hadron mass. The R-hadron decays to g/qq plus neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV with a lifetime of 10 ns.

Total selection efficiency as a function of the metastable R-hadron mass. The R-hadron decays to g/qq plus neutralino of mass 100 GeV with a lifetime of 1 ns.

Total selection efficiency as a function of the stable chargino mass.

Ionisation distribution of all the CR2 tracks, and those not matched to a reconstructed muon. The two distributions are normalised to their total number of entries.

Distribution of the mass of selected candidates, derived from the specific ionisation loss, for an example of gluino R-hadron signal, for searches for stable particles. The signal distributions are stacked on the expected background, and a narrower binning is used for them to allow the signal shape to be seen more clearly. The number of signal events is that expected according to the theoretical cross sections.

Distribution of the mass of selected candidates, derived from the specific ionisation loss, for one example of chargino signal, for searches for stable particles. The signal distributions are stacked on the expected background, and a narrower binning is used for them to allow the signal shape to be seen more clearly. The number of signal events is that expected according to the theoretical cross sections.

Distribution of the mass of selected candidates, derived from the specific ionisation loss, for background and data, for searches for stable particles. The expected background is shown with its total uncertainty (sum in quadrature of statistical, normalisation and systematic errors).

Distribution of the mass of selected candidates, derived from the specific ionisation loss, for an example of gluino R-hadron signal, for searches for metastable particles. The signal distributions are stacked on the expected background, and a narrower binning is used for them to allow the signal shape to be seen more clearly. The number of signal events is that expected according to the theoretical cross sections.

Distribution of the mass of selected candidates, derived from the specific ionisation loss, for an example of chargino signal, for searches for metastable particles. The signal distributions are stacked on the expected background, and a narrower binning is used for them to allow the signal shape to be seen more clearly. The number of signal events is that expected according to the theoretical cross sections.

Distribution of the mass of selected candidates, derived from the specific ionisation loss, for background and data. The expected background is shown with its total uncertainty (sum in quadrature of statistical, normalisation and systematic errors).

Theoretical values for the cross section of gluino pairs production with their uncertainty.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, in the background-only case, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass(gluino) - 100 GeV, in the background-only case, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass(gluino) - 100 GeV.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, plus 1 experimental sigma.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, minus 1 experimental sigma.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section minus its uncertainty.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section plus its uncertainty.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, plus 1 experimental sigma.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, minus 1 experimental sigma.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section minus its uncertainty.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section plus its uncertainty.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, in the background-only case, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass(gluino) - 100 GeV, in the background-only case, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau =10 ns, decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass(gluino) - 100 GeV.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, plus 1 experimental sigma.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, minus 1 experimental sigma.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section minus its uncertainty.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section plus its uncertainty.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, plus 1 experimental sigma.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, minus 1 experimental sigma.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section minus its uncertainty.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for gluino R-hadrons decaying into tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section plus its uncertainty.

Theoretical values for the production cross section of charginos or chargino/neutralino pairs, with their uncertainty.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable charginos, with lifetime tau =1.0 ns, decaying into neutralino + pion, in the background-only case, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable charginos, with lifetime tau =1.0 ns, decaying into neutralino + pion.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of chargino mass for charginos decaying into neutralino plus pion, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of chargino mass for charginos decaying into neutralino plus pion, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, plus 1 experimental sigma.

The expected excluded range of lifetimes as a function of chargino mass for charginos decaying into neutralino plus pion, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section, minus 1 experimental sigma.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of chargino mass for charginos decaying into neutralino plus pion, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of chargino mass for charginos decaying into neutralino plus pion, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section minus its uncertainty.

The observed excluded range of lifetimes as a function of gluino mass for chargino mass for charginos decaying into neutralino plus pion, with respect to the nominal theoretical cross section plus its uncertainty.

dEdx ionization for data, 1 TeV gluino R-hadrons stable and decaying in 100 GeV neutralinos with a 10 ns lifetime and for charginos of 350 GeV. Tracks that fulfil all the requirements up to including the High-m_T (see Tab.1 in the paper) are considered at this stage and normalised to an integrated luminosity of 18.4 fb^-1.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stable gluino R-hadrons, in case of background only, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stable gluino R-hadrons.

Theoretical values for the cross section of squark pairs production with their uncertainty.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stable sbottom R-hadrons, in case of background only, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stable sbottom $R$-hadrons. Cross section IN PB.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stop R-hadrons, in case of background only, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stop R-hadrons.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stable charginos, in case of background only, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for stable charginos.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to g/qq plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to g/qq plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to tt plus a light neutralino of mass 100 GeV.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable gluino R-hadrons, with lifetime tau=1.0 ns, decaying to tt plus a heavy neutralino of mass = m(gluino) - 100 GeV.

Expected upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable charginos, with lifetime tau =15 ns, decaying to neutralino and pion, in case of background only, with its 1 sigma band.

Observed 95 PCT upper limits on the production cross section as a function of mass for metastable charginos, with lifetime tau =15 ns, decaying to neutralino and pion, in case of background only, with its 1 sigma band.

Missing transverse momentum distribution after SR3b selection, beside the $E_\mathrm{T}^\mathrm{miss}$ requirement. The results in the signal region correspond to the last inclusive bin. The systematic uncertainties include theory uncertainties for the backgrounds with prompt SS/3L and the full systematic uncertainties for data-driven backgrounds. For illustration the distribution for a benchmark SUSY scenario ($pp\to \tilde g\tilde g$, $\tilde g\to t\bar t\tilde\chi_1^0$, $m_{\tilde g}=1.2$ TeV, $m_{\tilde\chi_1^0}=0.7$ TeV) is also shown.

Observed exclusion limits on the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to qq(\tilde\ell\ell/\tilde\nu\nu)$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Expected exclusion limits on the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to qq(\tilde\ell\ell/\tilde\nu\nu)$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Upper limits on signal cross-sections as function of the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to qq(\tilde\ell\ell/\tilde\nu\nu)$ decays, obtained using the signal efficiency and acceptance specific to each model. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Observed exclusion limits on the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to qqWZ\tilde\chi_1^0$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Expected exclusion limits on the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to qqWZ\tilde\chi_1^0$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Upper limits on signal cross-sections as function of the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to qqWZ\tilde\chi_1^0$ decays, obtained using the signal efficiency and acceptance specific to each model. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Observed exclusion limits on the $\tilde b_1$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde b_1\tilde b_1^*$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde b_1\to t\tilde\chi_1^-$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Expected exclusion limits on the $\tilde b_1$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde b_1\tilde b_1^*$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde b_1\to t\tilde\chi_1^-$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Upper limits on signal cross-sections as function of the $\tilde b_1$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde b_1\tilde b_1^*$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde b_1\to t\tilde\chi_1^-$ decays, obtained using the signal efficiency and acceptance specific to each model. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Observed exclusion limits on the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to t\bar t\tilde\chi_1^0$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Expected exclusion limits on the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to t\bar t\tilde\chi_1^0$ decays. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

Upper limits on signal cross-sections as function of the $\tilde g$ and $\tilde\chi_1^0$ masses in the context of SUSY scenarios with simplified mass spectra featuring $\tilde g\tilde g$ pair production with exclusive $\tilde g\to t\bar t\tilde\chi_1^0$ decays, obtained using the signal efficiency and acceptance specific to each model. All limits are computed at 95% CL.

SUSY scenario with $\tilde g\tilde g$ production and $\tilde g\to q\bar q(\tilde\ell\ell/\tilde\nu\nu)$ decay: signal acceptance (in %) in the signal region SR0b3j. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

SUSY scenario with $\tilde g\tilde g$ production and $\tilde g\to q\bar q(\tilde\ell\ell/\tilde\nu\nu)$ decay: reconstruction efficiency (in %) in the signal region SR0b3j. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

SUSY scenario with $\tilde g\tilde g$ production and $\tilde g\to q\bar qWZ\tilde\chi_1^0$ decay: signal acceptance (in %) in the signal region SR0b5j. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

SUSY scenario with $\tilde g\tilde g$ production and $\tilde g\to q\bar qWZ\tilde\chi_1^0$ decay: reconstruction efficiency (in %) in the signal region SR0b5j. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

SUSY scenario with $\tilde b_1\tilde b_1^*$ production and $\tilde b_1\to tW\tilde\chi_1^0$ decay: signal acceptance (in %) in the signal region SR1b. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

SUSY scenario with $\tilde b_1\tilde b_1^*$ production and $\tilde b_1\to tW\tilde\chi_1^0$ decay: reconstruction efficiency (in %) in the signal region SR1b. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

SUSY scenario with $\tilde g\tilde g$ production and $\tilde g\to t\bar t\tilde\chi_1^0$ decay: signal acceptance (in %) in the signal region SR3b. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

SUSY scenario with $\tilde g\tilde g$ production and $\tilde g\to t\bar t\tilde\chi_1^0$ decay: reconstruction efficiency (in %) in the signal region SR3b. The benchmark scenarios used to set exclusion limits are materialized by black dot markers. Acceptance and efficiency are defined as in appendix A of [JHEP 06 (2014) 124, arXiv: 1403.4853v1 [hep-ex]].

Expected and observed event yields for signal regions with at least 7 jets as a function of transverse momentum requirements.

Expected and observed event yields for signal regions with at least 7 jets with at least 1 b-tag as a function of transverse momentum requirements.

Expected and observed event yields for signal regions with at least 7 jets with at least 2 b-tags as a function of transverse momentum requirements.

Table showing the predicted yields in the SM and observed number of events in SR1 as well as all signal mass points.

Table showing the predicted yields in the SM and observed number of events in SR100 as well as three representative signal scenarios.

Table showing the predicted yields in the SM and observed number of events in SR250 as well as three representative signal scenarios.

Expected 95% CL exclusion contour using the best expected limit from SR100 or SR250.

Observed 95% CL exclusion contour using the best expected limit from SR100 or SR250.

Expected 95% CL exclusion contour using the best expected limit from the jet-counting analysis when using signal regions without b-tag requirements.

Observed 95% CL exclusion contour using the best expected limit from the jet-counting analysis when using signal regions without b-tag requirements.

Expected 95% CL exclusion contour using the best expected limit from the jet-counting analysis when allowing b-tags.

Observed 95% CL exclusion contour using the best expected limit from the jet-counting analysis when allowing b-tags.

Observed cross-section exclusion in units of pb at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the resolved analysis when b-tags are not allowed.

Observed cross-section exclusion in units of pb at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the resolved analysis when b-tags are allowed.

Observed cross-section exclusion in units of pb at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR1 is used for each mass point.

Expected exclusion contour at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR1 is used for each mass point.

Observed exclusion contour at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR1 is used for each mass point.

Observed cross-section exclusion in units of pb at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR100 is used for each mass point.

Expected exclusion contour at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR100 is used for each mass point.

Observed exclusion contour at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR100 is used for each mass point.

Observed cross-section exclusion in units of pb at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR250 is used for each mass point.

Expected exclusion contour at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR250 is used for each mass point.

Observed exclusion contour at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when SR250 is used for each mass point.

Observed cross-section exclusion in units of pb at 95% C.L., in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, for the merged analysis, when the best SR is used for each mass point.

Acceptance times efficiency in the gluino/neutralino mass plane, when SR1 is used in each point.

Signal acceptance times efficiency for signal regions with at least 7 jets as a function of transverse momentum requirements.

Signal acceptance times efficiency for signal regions with at least 7 jets with at least 1 b-tag as a function of transverse momentum requirements.

Signal acceptance times efficiency for signal regions with at least 7 jets with at least 2 b-tags as a function of transverse momentum requirements.