We present results from a high momentum resolution measurement of the π − p elastic differential cross section near the η production threshold. By analysing the cusp discontinuity in the elastic cross section we deduce the non-spin-flip elastic amplitude and compare it with solutions from phase-shift analyses.
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Differential cross sections for elastic π±−p scattering have been measured at lab momenta of 8 and 12 GeV/c in a momentum-transfer region corresponding to 1.2≤−t≤6 (GeV/c)2. Also, differential cross sections near 180° were measured for 4 and 8 GeV/c pions. At momentum transfers greater than −t=2 (GeV/c)2, the π−p cross sections drop much faster with increasing angle than the corresponding p−p cross sections. Also, in the region −t≃1.3 (GeV/c)2, there is structure in the π−p angular distribution but not in the p−p angular distribution. At −t≃3 (GeV/c)2, the drop in cross section appears to stop and from then on the angular distribution is consistent with isotropy. But in the angular region 170° to 180°, the cross sections have become much larger, and sharp backward peaks are observed. Information is given on the energy and charge dependences and widths of these backward peaks.
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Measurements of π±p elastic differential cross-sections have been performed in the forward direction, using a missing-mass spark chamber spectrometer. The films have been seanned by an automatic apparatus. A phase-shift analysis of the experimental data has been done, leading to three solutions. Various experiments are proposed in order to resolve the ambiguities.
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We have measured the differential cross section of the reaction π − p→ π − p in the range 0.92 ⩽ cos θ c.m. ⩽ 0.99 at 15 momenta between 0.875 and 1.580 GeV/ c . The results we report complete the available data; previous measurements of this reaction do not extend beyond cos θ c.m. =0.90. We compare our experimental results with dispersion relation predictions. A comparison of our results for B , the slope of the differential cross section, with earlier results shows many discrepancies.
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Differential cross sections for π−p elastic scattering over the angular range 155° to 177° in the center-of-mass system have been measured at 33 incident pion momenta in the range 600 to 1280 MeV/c. The experiment, which was performed at the Bevatron at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, employed a liquid hydrogen target, a double-arm spectrometer, and standard counter techniques to detect the elastic events. The data from this experiment are compared to all other published data in this momentum region. The over-all agreement is good. The data of this experiment are also compared with the results of the recent phase-shift analysis by Almehed and Lovelace. In the momentum region between 700 and 900 MeV/c, the slope of the backward angular distribution goes rapidly through zero from negative to positive, and the magnitude of the differential cross section falls by more than a factor of 10. Momentum-dependent structure is seen in the extrapolated differential cross sections at 180°. Two prominent dips in the 180° differential cross sections appear at 880 and 1150 MeV/c. This structure is discussed in terms of a direct-channel resonance model that assumes only resonant partial waves are contributing to the cross sections for large scattering angles.
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The differential cross sections for π − p elastic scattering have been measured near 180°, in the momentum range 875–1580 MeV/c. The results are compared with recent phase shift analysis, showing some notable discrepancies.
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An investigation of π−+p elastic scattering, made in a liquid propane bubble chamber, is reported. Identification of events is made on the basis of kinematics. The problem of contamination by pion scattering from protons bound in carbon is considered in some detail; it is shown that the latter requires a correction of only 4±2.5% of the total number of events. The angular distribution is presented. It shows a large diffraction peak at small angles and an approximately isotropic plateau over the backward hemisphere. The forward peak is fitted to a black-sphere diffraction pattern with a radius of (1.08±0.06)×10−13 cm. The total elastic cross section is found to be σe=10.1±0.80 mb.
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The differential cross sections for π−p elastic scattering over the angular range 155° to 177° in the center of mass have been measured at 33 incident-pion momenta in the range 600 to 1280 MeV/c. Angular distributions are presented. The extrapolated differential cross sections at 180° show considerable structure, in particular a dip near 1150 MeV/c. In general the near-180° cross sections do not agree with existing phase shift solutions above 1000 MeV/c
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Absolute π±p elastic scattering differential cross sections have been measured at five incident pion energies between 87 and 139 MeV. An active target of scintillator material (CH1.1) was used to detect recoil protons in coincidence with scattered pions. Pions were detected at forward angles between 27 and 98°c.m. where the low-energy recoil protons stop in the target. The cross sections, typically 5–10% lower than phase shift predictions for π+p and 10–20% lower for the π−p cross sections, are consistent with earlier measurements by this group.
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