We have measured the spin-spin correlation parameter CNN at 2, 3, 4, and 6 GeV/c over the |t| range of 0.1 to 2.0 (GeV/c)2 and have observed a striking energy and |t| dependence in CNN. Polarization data were simultaneously collected and are compared to previous results.
CNN PARAMETER MEASURED.
We have made the first measurement of the spin-spin correlation parameter CSS in pp elastic scattering at 6 GeV/c over the |t| range from 0.05 to 1.5 (GeV/c)2. The measured CSS data points are all negative, and their absolute values increase with |t|. The results are compared with some existing attempts to describe the pp scattering process.
NUMERICAL VALUES OBTAINED FROM AUTHORS. MAGNETIC FIELD ALIGNMENT AND APERTURE EFFECTS MEAN THAT QUANTITY ACTUALLY MEASURED IS 0.98 CSS + 0.02 CNN - 0.12 CSL. SEE LATER NUMBERS IN THE RECORD OF I. P. AUER ET AL., PL 70B, 475 (1977).
Using the polarized-beam facility at Argonne National Laboratory and a polarized proton target, simultaneous measurements of the spin parameter P and the spin correlation term CNN were made. Data were obtained and analyzed at beam momenta of 2, 3, 4, and 6 GeV/c in the momentum-transfer-squared interval 0.1≤|t|≤2.8 (GeV/c)2. A preliminary phase-shift analysis of the 2- and 3-GeV/c data is discussed and a comparison with predictions of a particular Regge-pole model at all four energies is made.
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As part of a program to determine proton-proton elastic-scattering amplitudes, we have measured the spin-spin correlation parameter CNN at 6 GeV/c. Measurements were made over the |t| range of 0.08 to 1.4 (GeV/c)2 using a polarized beam and a polarized target at the Argonne National Laboratory Zero Gradient Synchrotron.
No description provided.
The spin rotation parameter R has been measured for elastic π − p scattering at 40 GeV/ c , at four momentum transfers t ranging from −0.19 to −0.52 (GeV/ c ) 2 . The average value within this interval is R π − p = -0.200± 0.023. The resulting constraints on the πN scattering amplitudes are discussed. The experiments also yields an average value for K − p scattering, R K − p scattering, R K − p = -0.16±0.16.
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The spin rotation sf R in pp and π + p elastic scattering at 45 GeV/c has been measured at the Seppukhov accelarator, for z . sfnc ; t |; ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 (GeV/) 2 . The results are presented, together with previous R measurements at lower energies. The equality of the values for R in proton-proton and pion-proton scattering, within the experimental errors, is a test of factorization of the residues in the pomeron exchange.
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The spin-rotation parameters A and R and the related spin-rotation angle β have been measured for π+p and π−p elastic scattering using protons polarized in the scattering plane. The pion-beam momenta are 427, 471, 547, 625, and 657 MeV/c and the angular range is −0.9≤cosΘc.m.≤0.3. The scattered pion and recoil proton were detected in coincidence, using a scintillator hodoscope for the pions, and the Large Acceptance Spectrometer combined with the JANUS polarimeter for the recoil protons. The results are compared with the four recent πN partial wave analyses (PWA's). Our data show that the major features of these PWA's are correct. The A and R measurements complete our program of pion-nucleon experiments, providing full data sets at three of the above beam momenta. Such sets can be used to test the constraints in the PWA's or to obtain a model-independent set of πN scattering amplitudes.
BETA is the spin-rotation angle.
BETA is the spin-rotation angle.
BETA is the spin-rotation angle.
The polarization P in proton-proton elastic scattering has been measured at 3.83 GeV/ c for 0.35 ⩽ | t | ⩽ 3.0 (GeV/ c ) 2 , i.e. 29° ⩽ θ c.m. ⩽ 93°. The polarization shows a minimum at − ⋍ 1.0 ( GeV /c) 2 followed by a maximum at −⋍1.5 ( GeV /c) 2 . At the same energy the spin rotation parameter R has been measured in the interval 0.18 ⩽ | t | ⩽ 0.57 (GeV/ c ) 2 . Comparison with the results at 6.0 and 15.75 GeV/ c shows a similar t -dependence and the same average value at all three energies.
POLARIZED TARGET ASYMMETRY EQUALS RECOIL PROTON POLARIZATION BY TIME REVERSAL INVARIANCE.
'A'. 'B'. 'D'.
'A'. 'B'. 'C'. 'E'.
The asymmetry ANN for pp elastic scattering has been measured at 800 and 650 MeV in the region of Coulomb-nuclear interference. The data have been analyzed to extract the real part of a spin-spin scattering amplitude. Results are compared with the predictions of forward dispersion relations. They disagree significantly at 650 MeV.
No description provided.
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The Wolfenstein parameters D, R, and A and the polarization parameter P have been measured for p−p elastic scattering at 312, 392, 493, and 575 MeV kinetic energy. The center-of-mass angular range observed was from 3° to 33°. The experiment was performed at SIN, using a polarized proton beam. These data significantly improve the determination of I=1 phase shifts.
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The asymmetry A LL for pp elastic scattering has been measured at 650 and 800 MeV in the region of Coulomb-nuclear interference. The real part of the double-spin-flip amplitude extracted from these data completes our determination of the forward pp scattering amplitudes at these energies. Comparison with the predictions of forward dispersion relations reveals a discrepancy in the spin-dependent channels at 650 MeV.
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At the Cooler Synchrotron COSY/J\ulich spin correlation parameters in elastic proton-proton (pp) scattering have been measured with a 2.11 GeV polarized proton beam and a polarized hydrogen atomic beam target. We report results for A$_{NN}$, A$_{SS}$, and A_${SL}$ for c.m. scattering angles between 30$^o$ and 90$^o$. Our data on A$_{SS}$ -- the first measurement of this observable above 800 MeV -- clearly disagrees with predictions of available of pp scattering phase shift solutions while A$_{NN}$ and A_${SL}$ are reproduced reasonably well. We show that in the direct reconstruction of the scattering amplitudes from the body of available pp elastic scattering data at 2.1 GeV the number of possible solutions is considerably reduced.
Spin correlation parameters.
We present the first measurements of the double spin asymmetries A_NN and A_SS at sqrt{s}=200 GeV, obtained by the pp2pp experiment using polarized proton beams at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The data were collected in the four momentum transfer t range 0.01<|t|<0.03 (GeV/c)^2. The measured asymmetries, which are consistent with zero, allow us to estimate upper limits on the double helicity-flip amplitudes phi_2 and phi_4 at small t as well as on the difference Delta(sigma_T) between the total cross sections for transversely polarized protons with antiparallel or parallel spin orientations.
Double spin asymmetries.
Double spin asymmetries.
T dependence of the double spin asymmetry ASS3 with statistical errors only.
We have made, for the first time, a direct reconstruction of the pp elastic-scattering matrix at 579 MeV from a series of experiments performed at the Schweizerisches Institut für Nuklearforschung polarized-beam line. Fifteen observables consisting of the polarization, two-spin correlation and transfer parameters, and three-spin parameters were measured at seven angles between 66° and 90° (c. m.). The experimental results and reconstructed amplitudes are presented and compared to phase shift analysis.
No description provided.
We measured d σ d t(90° cm ) for ↑+ p ↑→ p + p from 1.75 to 5.5 GeV/ c , using the Argonne zero-gradient synchrotron 70% polarized proton beam and a 70% polarized proton target. We found that the spin-spin correlation parameter. A nn , equals 60% at low energy, then drops sharply to about 10% near 3.5 GeV/ c , and remains constant up to 5.5 GeV/ c .
ANALYZING POWER. QUOTED ERRORS DUE TO 4.3 PCT POINT TO POINT RELATIVE ERROR.
THE SPIN-SPIN CORRELATION PARAMETER CNN IS NOW DENOTED BY ANN ACCORDING TO THE NEW ANN ARBOR CONVENTION.
The elastic cross section for proton proton scattering at 11.75 GeV/ c was measured at the Argonne ZGS using a 50% polarized target. In the range p ⊥ 2 =0.6 → 2.2 (GeV/ c ) 2 we obtained precise measurements of d σ d t(ij) for the ⇈ ⇊, and ⇅ initial spin states perpendicular to the scattering plane. We confirmed that the asymmetry parameter, A , decreases with energy in the diffraction peak, but is approximately energy-independent at large p ⊥ 2 . We found that the spin correlation parameter c nn acquires rather dramatic structure, and at large p ⊥ 2 seems to grow with energy.
No description provided.
The elastic cross section for proton proton scattering at 6 GeV c was measured using a 70% polarized beam and a 75% polarized target at the Argonne ZGS. In the range P ⊥ 2 = 0.5 → 2.0( GeV c ) 2 we obtained small error measurements for the ↑↑, ↓↓ and ↑↓ initial spin states perpendicular to the scattering plane. At P ⊥ 2 = 0.5 we also measured the recoil spin and found that the 5 different cross sections were very unequal.
No description provided.
No description provided.
We measured dσdt for p+p→p+p at 11.75 GeV/c using the zero-gradient synchrotron 70% polarized-proton beam and a 65% polarized-proton target. We obtained the spin-orbit asymmetry parameter A and the spin-spin correlation parameter Cm out to P⊥2=4.2 (GeV/c)2. We found that A drops smoothly towards zero, but that Cnn increases abruptly near P⊥2=3.6 (GeV/c)2, where the exp(−1.4P⊥2) component of elastic scattering becomes dominant. This suggests that large-P⊥2 "hard" elastic scattering may occur mostly when the two proton spins are parallel.
No description provided.
An experiment was done using an accelerated polarized proton beam and a polarized proton target. The elastic cross section for proton-proton scattering at 6.0 GeV/c and P⊥2=0.5−1.6 (GeV/c)2 was measured in the spin states ↑ ↑, ↓ ↓, and ↑ ↓ perpendicular to the scattering plane. The cross sections were found to be unequal by up to a factor of 2.
No description provided.
The polarization parameter Pn000, the two-spin parameters Dn0n0, Kn00n, Ds0s0, Ds0k0, and the three-spin parameters Ms0sn and Ms0kn have been measured for pp elastic scattering between 34° and 118° center-of-mass scattering angle at six different incident kinetic energies 447, 473, 497, 517, 539, and 560 MeV. The experiment was performed at SIN using a polarized proton beam, a polarized butanol target, and a polarimeter for the measurement of the polarization of the scattered proton.
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The polarization parameter Pn000, the two-spin parameters Dn0n0, Kn00n, Ds′0s0, Ds′0k0 and the three-spin parameters Ms′0sn and Ms′0kn have been measured for pp elastic scattering angles between 60° and 88° center of mass at 241 and 314 MeV incident kinetic energies, and between 38° c.m. and 98° c.m. at 341, 366, and 398 MeV. At 473 MeV, only Pn000 and Ds′0k0 were measured between 34° c.m. and 62° c.m. The experiment was performed at SIN using a polarized proton beam and a polarized butanol target. The polarization of the scattered proton was analyzed in a carbon polarimeter. The influence of these high-precision data on the Saclay-Geneva phase-shift analysis is discussed.
Statistical errors only.
Statistical errors only.
Statistical errors only.
We have measured the spin-correlation parameters A00kk, A00ks, and A00ss in p−p scattering between 400 and 600 MeV using a longitudinally polarized beam and a butanol target polarized in the horizontal plane. Owing to the restrictive geometrical acceptance of the target, the polarization axis of the target was oriented at an angle α with respect to beam direction. The parameters A00kk and A00ks were therefore measured as a linear combination at 577, 536, 514, 494, and 445 MeV. These experiments were extended to the measurement of A00ks and A00ss by using a transversely polarized beam. We present the results, which are compared with phase-shift predictions.
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The spin-spin correlation parameter CLL=(L, L; 0, 0) has been measured for p−p elastic scattering around θc.m.=90° up to plab=5 GeV/c. An interesting energy dependence is observed in CLL and the results are interpreted by comparison with other available data.
NUMERICAL VALUES OF DATA IN FIGURE SUPPLIED BY A. YOKOSAWA.
The polarization parameter Pn000, the two-spin parameters Dn0n0, Kn00n, Ds0s0, and Ds0k0, and the three-spin parameters Ms0sn and Ms0kn have been measured for pp elastic scattering at 579 MeV between 34° and 118° center-of-mass scattering angle. The experiment was performed at SIN using a polarized proton beam, a polarized butanol target, and a polarimeter for the measurement of the polarization of the scattered proton. These data form the basis for a complete experimental determination of the scattering amplitudes.
No description provided.
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We measured the differential cross section for proton-proton elastic scattering at 6 GeV/c, with both initial spins oriented normal to the scattering plane. The analyzing power A shows significant structure with a large broad peak reaching about 24% near P⊥2=1.6 (GeV/c)2. The spin-spin correlation parameter Ann exhibits more dramatic structure, with a small but very sharp peak rising rapidly to about 13% at 90°c.m.. This sharp peak may be caused by particle-identity effects.
No description provided.
The energy dependence of the spin-parallel and spin-antiparallel cross sections for p↑+p↑→p+p at 90°c.m. was measured for beam momenta between 6 and 12.75 GeV/c. The ratio (dσdt)parallel:(dσdt)antiparallel at 90° is about 1.2 up to 8 GeV/c and then increases rapidly to a value of almost 4 near 11 GeV/c. Our data indicate that this ratio may depend only on the variable P⊥2, and suggests that the ratio may reach a limiting value of about 4 for large P⊥2.
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The differential elastic p−p scattering cross section was measured at 6 GeV/c at the Argonne Zero Gradient Synchrotron in the range p⊥2 = 0.6−1.0 (GeV/c)2 using a 65%-polarized target and a 75%-polarized extracted beam of intensity 3 × 109 protons/pulse. We simultaneously measured the polarization of the recoil proton with a well-calibrated carbon-target polarimeter. All three polarizations were measured perpendicular to the horizontal scattering plane. Our results indicate that P and T invariance are both obeyed to good precision even at large p⊥2. Parity invariance implies that the eight single-flip transversity cross sections are zero, so our data give the relative magnitudes of the eight remaining pure spin cross sections where all spins are measured. We find that the double-flip transversity cross sections are nonzero.
No description provided.
We measured the cross section for proton-proton elastic scattering at 11.75 GeV/c using the Zero Gradient Synchrotron 52% polarized proton beam and a 60% polarized proton target. We measured dσdt(ij) in the ↑↑, ↓↓, and ↑↓ initial spin states perpendicular to the scattering plane in the range P⊥2=2.0−3.6 (GeV/c)2. We found that the asymmetry parameter A decreases smoothly with increasing P⊥2 in this range, and that the spin-spin correlation parameter Cnn may have a minimum near P⊥2=3 (GeV/c)2.
No description provided.
A polarized proton beam extracted from SATURNE II and the Saclay polarized proton target were used to measure the rescattering observables$K_{onno}$and
No description provided.
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The differential elastic p−p scattering cross section was measured at 6 GeV/c at the Argonne Zero Gradient Synchrotron in the range P⊥2=0.60−1.0 (GeV/c)2 using a 65% polarized target and a 75% polarized proton beam of intensity 3 × 109 protons/pulse. The polarization of the recoil proton was simultaneously measured with a well calibrated carbon-target polarimeter. All three polarizations were measured perpendicular to the horizontal scattering plane. Our results indicate that P and T invariance are both obeyed to good precision even at our largest P⊥2. Parity invariance implies that the eight single-flip transversity cross sections are zero, so our data gives the magnitudes of the eight remaining pure spin cross sections where all spins are measured. We find that the four double-flip transversity cross sections are nonzero.
No description provided.
THE FIVE INDEPENDENT PURE FOUR-SPIN CROSS SECTIONS AS DERIVED FROM THE EIGHT MEASURED THREE-SPIN CROSS SECTIONS ASSUMING P AND T INVARIANCE. THE ABSOLUTE DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTION VALUES ASSUME THAT THE SPIN-AVERAGED D(SIG)/DT IS 2.25, 1.17, 0.365 AND 0.167 MB/GEV**2 FOR EACH VALUE OF PT**2 RESPECTIVELY.
WOLFENSTEIN PARAMETERS. POL(NAME=A) IS (N000) OR (0N00), THE ANALYZING POWER AVERAGED OVER TARGET OR BEAM POLARIZATION. POL(NAME=P) IS (00N0), THE POLARIZATION PARAMETER. TIME-REVERSAL INVARIANCE REQUIRES THAT P = A. POL.POL(NAME=CNN) IS (NN00) USING T-INVARIANCE. POL.POL(NAME=DNN) IS (0N0N). POL.POL(NAME=KNN) IS (N00N). POL.POL(NAME=C3N) IS A COMPONENT OF THE TRIPLE SPIN CORRELATION TENSOR. PARITY INVARIANCE REQUIRES THAT C3N = P.
We measured dσdt for p↑+p↑→p+p from P⊥2=4.50 to 5.09 (GeV/c)2 at 11.75 GeV/c. We used a 59%-polarized proton beam and a 71%-polarized proton target with both spins oriented perpendicular to the scattering plane. In these large-P⊥2 hard-scattering events, spin effects are very large and the ratio (dσdt)↑↑:(dσdt)↑↓ grows rapidly with increasing P⊥2, reaching a value of 4 at 90° (c.m.). Thus, hard elastic scattering, which is presumably due to the direct scattering of the protons' constituents, may only occur when the two incident protons' spins are parallel.
THE ERRORS INCLUDE STATISTICAL AND SYSTEMATIC ERRORS ADDED IN QUADRATURE. THE PARALLEL/ANTIPARALLEL SPIN CROSS SECTION RATIO IS (1+CNN)/(1-CNN).