We have measured the multiplicities of pions produced in the collisions of π mesons with neon nuclei at bombarding momenta of 10.5 and 200 GeV/c. The diffractive production of pions is clearly separable. If one excludes the diffractive part, the pion multiplicity obeys the same Koba-Nielsen-Olesen scaling as found previously for π−−p collisions. This fact would seem to indicate the validity of an energy-flux or collective-variable description of the production process. A surprisingly large number of energetic protons (> 1 GeV/c lab momentum) are found to be produced in π-Ne collisions.

The yields and average transverse momenta of pions, kaons, and antiprotons produced at the Fermilab p¯p collider at s=300, 540, 1000, and 1800 GeV are presented and compared with data from the energies reached at the CERN collider. We also present data on the dependence of average transverse momentum 〈pt〉 and particle ratios as a function of charged particle density dNcdη; data for particle densities as high as six times the average value, corresponding to a Bjorken energy density 6 GeV/fm3, are reported. These data are relevant to the search for quark-gluon phase of QCD.

We analyze a sample of W + jet events collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV to study ttbar production. We employ a simple kinematical variable "H", defined as the scalar sum of the transverse energies of the lepton, neutrino and jets. For events with a W boson and four or more jets, the shape of the "H" distribution deviates by 3.8 standard deviations from that expected from known backgrounds to ttbar production. However this distribution agrees well with a linear combination of background and ttbar events, the agreement being best for a top mass of 180 GeV/c^2.

We present the results of a search for third generation leptoquark (LQ) pairs in 110±8pb−1of p¯p collisions at s=1.8TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We assume third generation leptoquarks decay to a τ lepton and a b quark with branching ratio β. We observe one candidate event, consistent with standard model background expectations. We place upper limits on σ(p¯p→LQLQ¯)̇β2 as a function of the leptoquark mass MLQ. We exclude at 95% confidence level scalar leptoquarks with MLQ<99GeV/c2, gauge vector leptoquarks with MLQ<225GeV/c2, and nongauge vector leptoquarks with MLQ<170GeV/c2 for β=1.

We present the results of a search for neutral Higgs bosons produced in association with $b$ quarks in $p\bar{p}\to b\bar{b} \phi\to b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$ final states with $91 \pm 7$ pb$^{-1}$ of $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We find no evidence of such a signal and the data is interpreted in the context of the neutral Higgs sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. With basic parameter choices for the supersymmetric scale and the stop quark mixing, we derive 95% C.L. lower mass limits for neutral Higgs bosons for $\tb$ values in excess of 35.

We have reconstructed the radiative decays $\chi_{b}(1P) \to \Upsilon(1S) \gamma $ and $\chi_{b}(2P) \to \Upsilon(1S) \gamma $ in $p \bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.8$ TeV, and measured the fraction of $\Upsilon(1S)$ mesons that originate from these decays. For $\Upsilon(1S)$ mesons with $p^{\Upsilon}_{T}>8.0$ GeV/$c$, the fractions that come from $\chi_{b}(1P)$ and $\chi_{b}(2P)$ decays are $(27.1\pm6.9(stat)\pm4.4(sys))%$ and $(10.5\pm4.4(stat)\pm1.4(sys))%$, respectively. We have derived the fraction of directly produced $\Upsilon(1S)$ mesons to be $(50.9\pm8.2(stat)\pm9.0(sys))%$.

We use 106 $\ipb$ of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab to search for narrow-width, vector particles decaying to a top and an anti-top quark. Model independent upper limits on the cross section for narrow, vector resonances decaying to $\ttbar$ are presented. At the 95% confidence level, we exclude the existence of a leptophobic $\zpr$ boson in a model of topcolor-assisted technicolor with mass $M_{\zpr}$ $<$ 480 $\gev$ for natural width $\Gamma$ = 0.012 $M_{\zpr}$, and $M_{\zpr}$ $<$ 780 $\gev$ for $\Gamma$ = 0.04 $M_{\zpr}$.

We search for Higgs bosons produced in association with a massive vector boson in 91±7pb−1 of pp¯ collisions at s=1.8TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We assume the Higgs scalar H0 decays to a bb¯ pair with branching ratio β, and we consider the hadronic decays of the vector boson V ( W or Z). Observations are consistent with background expectations. We place 95% confidence level upper limits on σ(pp¯→H0V)β as a function of the scalar mass (MH0) over the range 70<MH0<140GeV/c2. When combined with an analysis of the case where V is a leptonically decaying W, these limits vary from 23 pb at MH0=70GeV/c2 to 17 pb at MH0=140GeV/c2.

We report on a search for second generation leptoquarks (Phi_2) using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 110 pb^{-1} collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We present upper limits on the production cross section as a function of Phi_2 mass, assuming that the leptoquarks are produced in pairs and decay into a muon and a quark with branching ratio beta. Using a Next-to-Leading order QCD calculation, we extract a lower mass limit of M_{\Phi_2} > 202 (160) GeV$/c^{2} at 95% confidence level for scalar leptoquarks with beta=1(0.5).

We present a search for new heavy particles, $X$, which decay via $X \to WZ \to e\nu +jj$ in $p{\bar p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.8 TeV. No evidence is found for production of $X$ in 110 pb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Limits are set at the 95% C.L. on the mass and the production of new heavy charged vector bosons which decay via $W'\to WZ$ in extended gauge models as a function of the width, $\Gamma (W')$, and mixing factor between the $W'$ and the Standard Model $W$ bosons.

The ratio of the W+≥1 jet cross section to the inclusive W cross section is measured using W±→e±ν events from p¯p collisions at s=1.8TeV. The data are from 108pb−1 of integrated luminosity collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Measurements of the cross section ratio for jet transverse energy thresholds (ETmin) ranging from 15 to 95 GeV are compared to theoretical predictions using next-to-leading-order QCD calculations. Data and theory agree well for ETmin>25GeV, where the predictions lie within 1 standard deviation of the measured values.

We present results of searches for diphoton resonances produced both inclusively and also in association with a vector boson (W or Z) using 100 $pb^{-1}$ of $p\bar{p}$ collisions using the CDF detector. We set upper limits on the product of cross section times branching ratio for both $p\bar{p} \to \gamma \gamma + X$ and $p \bar{p} \to \gamma \gamma + W/Z$. Comparing the inclusive production to the expectations from heavy sgoldstinos we derive limits on the supersymmetry-breaking scale $\sqrt{F}$ in the TeV range, depending on the sgoldstino mass and the choice of other parameters. Also, using a NLO prediction for the associated production of a Higgs boson with a W or Z boson, we set an upper limit on the branching ratio for $H \to \gamma \gamma$. Finally, we set a lower limit on the mass of a 'bosophilic' Higgs boson (e.g. one which couples only to $\gamma, W,$ and $Z$ bosons with standard model couplings) of 82 GeV/$c^2$ at 95% confidence level.

The charged-particle fractional momentum distribution within jets, D(z), has been measured in dijet events from 1.8-TeV p¯p collisions in the Collider Detector at Fermilab. As expected from scale breaking in quantum chromodynamics, the fragmentation function D(z) falls more steeply as dijet invariant mass increases from 60 to 200 GeV/c2. The average fraction of the jet momentum carried by charged particles is 0.65±0.02(stat)±0.08(syst).

The two-jet differential cross section d3σ(p¯p→jet 1+jet 2+X)/dEtdη1dη2, averaged over -0.6≤η1≤0.6, at √s =1.8 TeV, has been measured in the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The predictions of leading-order quantum chromodynamics for most choices of structure functions show agreement with the data.

We report the measurement of cumulants ($C_n, n=1\ldots4$) of the net-charge distributions measured within pseudorapidity ($|\eta|<0.35$) in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=7.7-200$ GeV with the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The ratios of cumulants (e.g. $C_1/C_2$, $C_3/C_1$) of the net-charge distributions, which can be related to volume independent susceptibility ratios, are studied as a function of centrality and energy. These quantities are important to understand the quantum-chromodynamics phase diagram and possible existence of a critical end point. The measured values are very well described by expectation from negative binomial distributions. We do not observe any nonmonotonic behavior in the ratios of the cumulants as a function of collision energy. The measured values of $C_1/C_2 = \mu/\sigma^2$ and $C_3/C_1 = S\sigma^3/\mu$ can be directly compared to lattice quantum-chromodynamics calculations and thus allow extraction of both the chemical freeze-out temperature and the baryon chemical potential at each center-of-mass energy.

The azimuthal anisotropy of $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons in high-multiplicity proton-lead collisions is studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV. The $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons are reconstructed using their dimuon decay channel. The anisotropy is characterized by the second Fourier harmonic coefficients, found using a two-particle correlation technique, in which the $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons are correlated with charged hadrons. A large pseudorapidity gap is used to suppress short-range correlations. Nonflow contamination from the dijet background is removed using a low-multiplicity subtraction method, and the results are presented as a function of $\Upsilon$(1S) transverse momentum. The azimuthal anisotropies are smaller than those found for charmonia in proton-lead collisions at the same collision energy, but are consistent with values found for $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons in lead-lead interactions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV.