The ratio of the cross sections for photoproduction of neutral pions from neutrons to that from protons has been obtained at average photon energies of 750, 875, and 1050 mev at a pion CM angle of 60° and at average photon energies of 875 and 1050 mev at a pion CM angle of 90°. The experimental technique required simultaneous detection of both the pions and the nucleons. Pions were detected by three scintillation counters. Lead plates of 2.4 radiation lengths and 1.2 radiation lengths were placed in front of the second and third counters. Neutral pions were identified by the absence of output in the first counter and the large outputs in the second and third counters. Nucleons were detected in two scintillation counters. The second of the two counters is 11” thick and has approximately 20% efficiency of detecting neutrons. Neutrons were identified by the absence of output in the first counter. The energy of the incident photons was determined by synchrotron subtraction. Since the statistical accuracy of synchrotron subtraction is poor, a system of three fast coincidence circuits was used as a time-of-flight instrument to reduce the number of events initiated by low energy photons. The statistical errors assigned to the ratio range between 15-30%. The results of this experiment agree with the results of Bingham within statistical errors, but show a general tendency for the σ^(no)/ σ^o ratio to lower. The ratio of σ^(no)/ σ^o obtained in this experiment ranges between 0.4 and 0.8. The cross sections for neutral pion photoproduction from neutrons are derived from the σ^(no)/ σ^o ratio and the Caltech data on neutral pion photoproduction from hydrogen.
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Measurements on large-angle photoproduction of π+ mesons from hydrogen have been made at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center for photon energies between 5 and 15.5 GeV and u values from +0.05 to -1.8 (GeV/c)2. The measured cross section decreased with energy approximately as k−3, showing no shrinkage in this range of u values. Furthermore, it had a smooth u dependence with no sign of a dip at u≃−0.15 (GeV/c)2 as would be expected from nucleon exchange. π−Δ++ production was measured at 5 GeV and shows a rapid decrease with increasing |u|.
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Dimuon production is studied in 400-GeV proton-nucleus collisions. A strong enhancement is observed at 9.5 GeV mass in a sample of 9000 dimuon events with a mass $m_{\mu^+\mu^-} \to$ 5 GeV.
Two peaks were observed. Mass spectrum was fitted to one and two resonance hypothesis.
The mass spectrum of muon pairs in the range 5 to 15 GeV is studied in the inclusive reaction p+nucleus→μ++μ−+anything. The ϒ and continuum distribution are presented as is the A dependence of the continuum. Comparison with a parton-annihilation model yields a sea-quark distribution.
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We present proton-nucleus dimuon-production cross sections for masses between 4 and 15 GeV, center-of-mass rapidities between -0.23 and 0.6 and incident energies of 200, 300, and 400 GeV. The data confirm scaling to the 20% level. The dependence of continuum 〈pT〉 on beam energy is also presented.
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The production of the ϒ family in proton-nucleus collisions is clarified by a sixfold increase in statistics. Constraining ϒ,ϒ′ masses to those observed at DORIS we find the statistical significance of the ϒ′′ to be 11 standard deviations. The dependence of ϒ production on pt, y, and s is presented. Limits for other resonance production in the mass range 4-18 GeV are determined.
Cross section times branching ratio.
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A narrow state has been observed in the reaction Σ − + Be → ( Λ K − π + π + ) + X in an experiment at the CERN SPS hyperon beam. At 2.46 GeV/ c 2 the effective ( Λ K − π + π + ) mass distribution shows an excess of 82 events above a background estimated to be 147, corresponding to a statistical significance of more than 6 standard deviations. The positive charge of the observed final state, which has strangeness −2, suggests the interpretation as a Cabibbo favoured decay of the charmed strange baryon, A + [quark content (csu)]. The cross section times branching ratio is measured to be σ · B = (5.3 ± 2.0) μ b/ (Be nucleus) for x > 0.6. The invariant production cross section is described by E d 3 σ /d p 3 ∞ (1 - x ) (1.7±0.7) exp[−(1.1 −0.4 +0.7 ) p T 2 ].
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The cross section for the reaction p¯N→μ+μ−X with muon pairs in the mass range 4<M<9 GeV/c2 and xF>0 was measured to be σ=0.104±0.005±0.008 nb/nucleon. The distributions dσdxF and M3dσdM were compared to the QCD-improved Drell-Yan model and to calculations including first-order QCD corrections, with use of deep-inelastic structure functions. Excellent agreement with the data was obtained if the calculations were multiplied by factors of 2.45 and 1.41, respectively.
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Evidence for narrow states produced by Σ − interactions in beryllium, and decaying into ( Λ p + pions ), has been obtained in an experiment at the CERN SPS hyperon beam. At 3.1 GeV/ c 2 , the ( Λ p π + π + ), ( Λ p π + π + π − ) and ( Λ p π + π − ) effective mass distributions show an excess of 45, 19 and 62 events above a background of 50, 28 and 187, respectively. The possibility that these three signals are statistical fluctuations is remote. The observed widths of the signals are compatible with the mass resolution of the apparatus, 24 MeV/ c 2 FWHM. We have not been able to find an interpretation of the quantum numbers of the final states, which are baryon number 0, strangeness −1 and charge +1, 0 and −1.
The cross section times branching fraction. The differential cross section is fitted by the equation : D3(SIG)/D3(P) = (1-XL)**POWER*EXP(-SLOPE*PT**2).
The production of the Jψ resonance in 125-GeV/c p¯ and φ− interactions with Be, Cu, and W targets has been measured. The cross section per nucleon for Jψ production is suppressed in W interactions relative to the lighter targets, especially at large values of Feynman x, which is opposite to the expectation from the various explanations of the European Muon Collaboration effect. Models incorporating modifications of the gluon structure functions in heavy targets show qualitative agreement with the data.
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