We have measured the polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons produced inclusively by a $\Sigma^-$ beam of 340 GeV/c momentum in nuclear targets. From a sample of 9.5 millions of identified $\Lambda$ decays, polarizations were determined in the range $x_F \gt 0.1$ and $p_t\leq 1.6$ GeV/c . The polarization w.r.t. the production normal is mainly positive for $x_F \geq 0.3$. At fixed values of $x_F$, it increases with $p_t$ to a maximum between $p_t = 0.5$ and $p_t = 1$ GeV/c , and then decreases to zero or even negative values, in sharp contrast to the plateau above $p_t = 1$ GeV/c observed in inclusive $\Lambda$ production by protons.
Measured values of the LAMBDA polarization as a function of PT in the XL range 0.1 to 0.2.
Measured values of the LAMBDA polarization as a function of PT in the XL range 0.2 to 0.3.
Measured values of the LAMBDA polarization as a function of PT in the XL range 0.3 to 0.4.
Elements of the spin density matrix for W bosons in e+e- -> W+W- -> qqln events are measured from data recorded by the OPAL detector at LEP. This information is used calculate polarised differential cross-sections and to search for CP-violating effects. Results are presented for W bosons produced in e+e- collisions with centre-of-mass energies between 183 GeV and 209 GeV. The average fraction of W bosons that are longitudinally polarised is found to be (23.9 +- 2.1 +- 1.1)% compared to a Standard Model prediction of (23.9 +- 0.1)%. All results are consistent with CP conservation.
The fraction of longitudinal polarization for leptonically and hadronically decaying W bosons. The average values for all the centre of mass energies and for both lepton and hadron decay combined are also given.
The luminosity weighted average over all the centre of mass energies of the diagonal elements of the RHO++ and RHO-- SDM as a function of the cosine of the angle of the W- boson for the leptonic decay channel.
The luminosity weighted average over all the centre of mass energies of the diagonal element of the RHO00 SDM as a function of the cosine of the angle of the W- boson for both leptonic and hadronic decay channels, and combined.
Cross sections for the production of two isolated muons up to high di-muon masses are measured in ep collisions at HERA with the H1 detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 71 pb^-1 at a centre of mass energy of sqrt{s} = 319 GeV. The results are in good agreement with Standard Model predictions, the dominant process being photon-photon interactions. Additional muons or electrons are searched for in events with two high transverse momentum muons using the full data sample corresponding to 114 pb^-1, where data at sqrt{s} = 301 GeV and sqrt{s} = 319 GeV are combined. Both the di-lepton sample and the tri-lepton sample agree well with the predictions.
Integrated cross sections for electroweak muon pair production in the evaluated phase space. The cross section has the di-muon contributions from UPSILON, TAU-PAIR and QUARK-QUARKBAR decay subtracted.
Cross section for the production of two muons in e p interactions as a function of the di-muon mass. This data sample includes di-muons from UPSILON, TAU-PAIR and QUARK-QUARKBAR decays.
Cross section for the production of two muons as a function of the muon transverse momentum (two entries per event).
A search for single top quark production is performed in e^\pm p collisions at HERA. The search exploits data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 118.3 pb^-1. A model for the anomalous production of top quarks in a flavour changing neutral current process involving a t-u-gamma coupling is investigated. Decays of top quarks into a b quark and a W boson are considered in the leptonic and the hadronic decay channels of the W. Both a cut-based analysis and a multivariate likelihood analysis are performed to discriminate anomalous top quark production from Standard Model background processes. In the leptonic channel, 5 events are found while 1.31 \pm 0.22 events are expected from the Standard Model background. In the hadronic channel, no excess above the expectation for Standard Model processes is found. These observations lead to a cross section \sigma (ep -> e t X) = 0.29 +0.15 -0.14 pb at \sqrt{s} = 319 GeV. Alternatively, assuming that the observed events are due to a statistical fluctuation, upper limits of 0.55 pb on the anomalous top production cross section and of 0.27 on the t-u-gamma coupling \kappa_{t-u-gamma} are established at the 95% confidence level.
Cross section from a combination of electron, muon and hadron channels.
We show that Σ+ hyperons produced by 800 GeV/c protons on targets of Be and Cu have significant polarizations (15–20%). These polarizations persist at values of pt≈2 GeV/c and a wide range of xF. The polarizations from the Cu target are consistently less than from Be. The average ratio of the Σ+ polarization from Cu to that from Be is 0.68±0.08.
Measured values of the SIGMA+ polarization as functions of PT and XL for proton CU collisions.
Measured values of the SIGMA+ polarization as functions of PT and XL for proton BE collisions.
Dijet production in deep inelastic ep scattering is investigated in the region of low values of the Bjorken-variable x (10^-4 < x < 10^-2) and low photon virtualities Q^2 (5 < Q^2 < 100 GeV^2). The measured dijet cross sections are compared with perturbative QCD calculations in next-to-leading order. For most dijet variables studied, these calculations can provide a reasonable description of the data over the full phase space region covered, including the region of very low x. However, large discrepancies are observed for events with small separation in azimuth between the two highest transverse momentum jets. This region of phase space is described better by predictions based on the CCFM evolution equation, which incorporates k_t factorized unintegrated parton distributions. A reasonable description is also obtained using the Color Dipole Model or models incorporating virtual photon structure.
Inclusive dijet cross section for a lower ET cut off of (5+0) GeV for the highest ET jet.
Inclusive dijet cross section for a lower ET cut off of (5+1) GeV for the highest ET jet.
Inclusive dijet cross section for a lower ET cut off of (5+2) GeV for the highest ET jet.
We present the first experimental results based on the jet boost algorithm, a technique to select unbiased samples of gluon jets in e+e- annihilations, i.e. gluon jets free of biases introduced by event selection or jet finding criteria. Our results are derived from hadronic Z0 decays observed with the OPAL detector at the LEP e+e- collider at CERN. First, we test the boost algorithm through studies with Herwig Monte Carlo events and find that it provides accurate measurements of the charged particle multiplicity distributions of unbiased gluon jets for jet energies larger than about 5 GeV, and of the jet particle energy spectra (fragmentation functions) for jet energies larger than about 14 GeV. Second, we apply the boost algorithm to our data to derive unbiased measurements of the gluon jet multiplicity distribution for energies between about 5 and 18 GeV, and of the gluon jet fragmentation function at 14 and 18 GeV. In conjunction with our earlier results at 40 GeV, we then test QCD calculations for the energy evolution of the distributions, specifically the mean and first two non-trivial normalized factorial moments of the multiplicity distribution, and the fragmentation function. The theoretical results are found to be in global agreement with the data, although the factorial moments are not well described for jet energies below about 14 GeV.
The charged particle multiplicity distribution of gluon jets, $n_{\rm gluon}^{\rm ch.}$, for $E_{\rm g}^*$$\,=\,$5.25, 5.98 and 6.98 GeV. The data have been corrected for detector acceptance and resolution, for event selection, and for gluon jet impurity.
The charged particle multiplicity distribution of gluon jets, $n_{\rm gluon}^{\rm ch.}$, for $E_{\rm g}^*$$\,=\,$8.43 and 10.92 GeV. The data have been corrected for detector acceptance and resolution, for event selection, and for gluon jet impurity.
The charged particle multiplicity distribution of gluon jets, $n_{\rm gluon}^{\rm ch.}$, for $E_{\rm g}^*$$\,=\,$14.24 and 17.72 GeV. The data have been corrected for detector acceptance and resolution, for event selection, and for gluon jet impurity.
Identified mid-rapidity particle spectra of $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, and $p(\bar{p})$ from 200 GeV p+p and d+Au collisions are reported. A time-of-flight detector based on multi-gap resistive plate chamber technology is used for particle identification. The particle-species dependence of the Cronin effect is observed to be significantly smaller than that at lower energies. The ratio of the nuclear modification factor ($R_{dAu}$) between protons $(p+\bar{p})$ and charged hadrons ($h$) in the transverse momentum range $1.2<{p_{T}}<3.0$ GeV/c is measured to be $1.19\pm0.05$(stat)$\pm0.03$(syst) in minimum-bias collisions and shows little centrality dependence. The yield ratio of $(p+\bar{p})/h$ in minimum-bias d+Au collisions is found to be a factor of 2 lower than that in Au+Au collisions, indicating that the Cronin effect alone is not enough to account for the relative baryon enhancement observed in heavy ion collisions at RHIC.
The invariant yields of $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, p and their anti-particles as a function of $p_{T}$ from d+Au and NSD p+p events at 200 GeV. The rapidity range was -0.5 $<$ y $<$ 0.0 with the direction of the outgoing Au ions as negative rapidity. Errors are statistical.
The invariant yields of $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, p and their anti-particles as a function of $p_{T}$ from d+Au and NSD p+p events at 200 GeV. The rapidity range was -0.5 $<$ y $<$ 0.0 with the direction of the outgoing Au ions as negative rapidity. Errors are statistical.
The invariant yields of $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, p and their anti-particles as a function of $p_{T}$ from d+Au and NSD p+p events at 200 GeV. The rapidity range was -0.5 $<$ y $<$ 0.0 with the direction of the outgoing Au ions as negative rapidity. Errors are statistical.
Cross-section and angular distributions for hadronic and lepton-pair final states in e+e- collisions at centre-of-mass energies between 189 GeV and 209 GeV, measured with the OPAL detector at LEP, are presented and compared with the predictions of the Standard Model. The measurements are used to determine the electromagnetic coupling constant alphaem at LEP2 energies. In addition, the results are used together with OPAL measurements at 91-183 GeV within the S-matrix formalism to determine the gamma-Z interference term and to make an almost model-independent measurement of the Z mass. Limits on extensions to the Standard Model described by effective four-fermion contact interactions or the addition of a heavy Z boson are also presented.
CM energy values.
Measured cross section for QUARK QUARKBAR (HADRON) production. The data are corrected to no interference between initial and final state radiation.
Measured cross section for MU+ MU- production. The data are corrected to no interference between initial and final state radiation.
A study of Z-boson pair production in e+e- annihilation at center-of-mass energies between 190 GeV and 209 GeV is reported. Final states containing only leptons, (l+l-l+l- and l+l-nn), quark and lepton pairs, (qql+l-, qqnn) and only hadrons (qqqq) are considered. In all states with at least one Z boson decaying hadronically, lifetime, lepton and event-shape tags are used to separate bb pairs from qq final state. Limits on anomalous ZZgamma and ZZZ couplings are derived from the measured cross sections and from event kinematics using an optimal observable method. Limits on low scale gravity with large dimensions are derived from the cross sections and their dependence on polar angle.
The NC2 Z0-pair cross sections obtained from fits to the data.
Forum