Using the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M $e^+e^-$ collider, we have measured the values of $R_{\text{uds}}$ and $R$ at seven points of the center-of-mass energy between 3.12 and 3.72 GeV. The total achieved accuracy is about or better than $3.3\%$ at most of energy points with a systematic uncertainty of about $2.1\%$. At the moment it is the most accurate measurement of $R(s)$ in this energy range.

The process $e^+e^- \to \gamma\chi_{cJ}$ ($J$=1, 2) is studied via initial state radiation using 980 fb$^{-1}$ of data at and around the $\Upsilon(nS)$ ($n$=1, 2, 3, 4, 5) resonances collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. No significant signal is observed except from $\psi(2S)$ decays. Upper limits on the cross sections between $\sqrt{s}=3.80$ and $5.56~{\rm GeV}$ are determined at the 90% credibility level, which range from few pb to a few tens of pb. We also set upper limits on the decay rate of the vector charmonium [$\psi(4040$), $\psi(4160)$, and $\psi(4415)$] and charmoniumlike [$Y(4260)$, $Y(4360)$, and $Y(4660)$] states to $\gamma\chi_{cJ}$.

We report results on studies of the e+e- annihilation into three-body Y(nS)pi+pi- (n=1,2,3) final states including measurements of cross sections and the full amplitude analysis. The cross sections measured at sqrt(s)=10.865 GeV and corrected for the initial state radiation are sigma(e+e-=>Y(1S)pi+pi-)=(2.27+-0.12+-0.14) pb, sigma(e+e-=>Y(2S)pi+pi-)=(4.07+-0.16+-0.45) pb, and sigma(e+e-=>Y(3S)pi+pi-)=(1.46+-0.09+-0.16) pb. Amplitude analysis of the three-body Y(nS)pi+pi- final states strongly favors I^G(J^P)=1^+(1^+) quantum-number assignments for the two bottomonium-like Zb+- states, recently observed in the Y(nS)pi+- and hb(mP)pi+- (m=1,2) decay channels. The results are obtained with a $121.4 1/fb data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.

We report the first measurement of the lepton forward-backward asymmetry ${\cal A}_{\rm FB}$ as a function of the squared four-momentum of the dilepton system, $q^2$, for the electroweak penguin process $B \rightarrow X_s \ell^+ \ell^-$ with a sum of exclusive final states, where $\ell$ is an electron or a muon and $X_s$ is a hadronic recoil system with an $s$ quark. The results are based on a data sample containing $772\times10^6$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs recorded at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+ e^-$ collider. ${\cal A}_{\rm FB}$ for the inclusive $B \rightarrow X_s \ell^+ \ell^-$ is extrapolated from the sum of 10 exclusive $X_s$ states whose invariant mass is less than 2 GeV/$c^2$. For $q^2 > 10.2$ GeV$^2$/$c^2$, ${\cal A}_{\rm FB} < 0$ is excluded at the 2.3$\sigma$ level, where $\sigma$ is the standard deviation. For $q^2 < 4.3$ GeV$^2$/$c^2$, the result is within 1.8$\sigma$ of the Standard Model theoretical expectation.

The cross sections of the processes $e^+ e^- \to K^+ K^- J/\psi$ and $K_S^0K_S^0J/\psi$ are measured via initial state radiation at center-of-mass energies between the threshold and 6.0~GeV using a data sample of 980~fb$^{-1}$ collected with the Belle detector on or near the $\Upsilon(nS)$ resonances, where $n=$1, 2, ..., 5. The cross sections for $e^+ e^- \to K^+ K^- J/\psi$ are at a few pb level and the average cross section for $e^+ e^- \to K_S^0K_S^0J/\psi$ is $1.8\pm 0.6 (\rm stat.)\pm 0.3 (\rm syst.)$~pb between 4.4 and 5.2~GeV. All of them are consistent with previously published results with improved precision. A search for resonant structures and associated intermediate states in the cross section of the process $e^+ e^- \to K^+ K^- J/\psi$ is performed.

The cross section for $e^+ e^- \to \pi^+ \pi^- J/\psi$ between 3.8 GeV and 5.5 GeV is measured with a 967 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected by the Belle detector at or near the $\Upsilon(nS)$ ($n = 1,\ 2,\ ...,\ 5$) resonances. The Y(4260) state is observed, and its resonance parameters are determined. In addition, an excess of $\pi^+ \pi^- J/\psi$ production around 4 GeV is observed. This feature can be described by a Breit-Wigner parameterization with properties that are consistent with the Y(4008) state that was previously reported by Belle. In a study of $Y(4260) \to \pi^+ \pi^- J/\psi$ decays, a structure is observed in the $M(\pi^\pm\jpsi)$ mass spectrum with $5.2\sigma$ significance, with mass $M=(3894.5\pm 6.6\pm 4.5) {\rm MeV}/c^2$ and width $\Gamma=(63\pm 24\pm 26)$ MeV/$c^{2}$, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. This structure can be interpreted as a new charged charmonium-like state.

Measurements of inclusive differential cross sections for charged pion and kaon production in electron-positron annihilation have been carried out at a center-of-mass energy of Q = 10.52 GeV. The measurements were performed with the Belle detector at the KEKB electron-positron collider using a data sample containing 113 million e+e- -> qqbar events, where q={u,d,s,c}. We present charge-integrated differential cross sections d\sigma_h+-/dz for h+- = pi+-, K+- as a function of the relative hadron energy z = 2*E_h / sqrt{s} from 0.2 to 0.98. The combined statistical and systematic uncertainties for pi+- (K+-) are 4% (4%) at z ~ 0.6 and 15% (24%) at z ~ 0.9. The cross sections are the first measurements of the z-dependence of pion and kaon production for z > 0.7 as well as the first precision cross section measurements at a center-of-mass energy far below the Z^0 resonance used by the experiments at LEP and SLC.

The cross section of the process e+e- -> pi+pi- has been measured using about 114000 events collected by the CMD-2 detector at the VEPP-2M e+e- collider in the center-of-mass energy range from 0.61 to 0.96 GeV. Results of the pion form factor determination with a 0.6% systematic uncertainty are presented. Implications for the hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment are discussed.

The production of $J/\psi$ mesons in continuum $e^+e^-$ annihilations has been studied with the BABAR detector at energies near the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance, approximately 10.6 GeV. The mesons are distinguished from $J/\psi$ production in B decays through their center-of-mass momentum and energy. We measure the cross section $e^+e^-\to J/\psi X$ to be $2.52\pm 0.21\pm 0.21$ pb: for momentum above 2 GeV/c, it is $1.87\pm 0.10\pm 0.15$ pb. We set a 90% confidence level upper limit on the branching fraction for direct $\Upsilon(4S)$\to J/\psi X$ decays at $4.7\times 10^{-4}$.

We present measurements of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in neutral B decays to several CP eigenstates. The measurement uses a data sample of 23 million Upsilon(4S)-->B-anti-B decays collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. In this sample, we find events where one neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in a CP eigenstate containing charmonium and the flavor of the other neutral B meson is determined from its decay products. The amplitude of the CP-violating asymmetry, which in the Standard Model is proportional to sin2beta, is derived from the decay time distributions in such events. The result is sin2beta=0.34 +/- 0.20 (stat) +/- 0.05 (syst).

The process e+e- to pi+ pi- pi+ pi- pi0 has been studied in the center of mass energy range 1280 -- 1380 MeV using 3.0 1/pb of data collected with the CMD-2 detector in Novosibirsk. Analysis shows that the cross section of the five pion production is dominated by the contributions of the eta pi+pi- and omega pi+pi- intermediate states.

Using 11.6 pb^{-1} of data collected in the energy range 0.984--1.06 GeV by CMD-2 at VEPP-2M, the cross section of the reaction e+e- to pi+pi-pi+pi- has been studied. For the first time an interference pattern was observed in the energy dependence of the cross section near the phi meson. The branching ratio of the phi to pi+pi-pi+pi- decay double suppressed by the G-parity and OZI rule is measured Br(phi to pi+pi-pi+pi-) = (3.93 +- 1.74 +- 2.14) \cdot 10^{-6}. The upper limits have been placed for the decays phi to pi+pi-pi+pi-pi0 and phi to eta pi+pi- Br(phi to pi+pi-pi+pi-pi0) < 4.6 \cdot 10^{-6} 90% CL, Br(phi to eta pi+pi-) < 1.8 \cdot 10^{-5} 90% CL.

About 11 200 e^+e^- -> omega -> pi^+pi^-pi^0 events selected in the center of mass energy range from 760 to 810 MeV were used for the measurement of the \omega meson parameters. The following results have been obtained: sigma _{0}=(1457 \pm 23 \pm 19)nb, m_{\omega}=(782.71 \pm 0.07 \pm 0.04) MeV/c^{2}, \Gamma_{\omega}=(8.68 \pm 0.23 \pm 0.10) MeV, \Gamma_{e^+e^-}\cdot Br (\omega -> pi^+pi^-pi^0)= (0.528 \pm 0.012 \pm 0.007) \cdot 10^{-3} MeV.

Using 3.07 ${pb}^{-1}$ of data collected in the energy range 0.60-0.97 GeV by CMD-2, about 150 events of the process $\epm \to \pch$ have been selected. The energy dependence of the cross section agrees with the assumption of the $a_1(1260) \pi$ intermediate state which is dominant above 1 GeV. For the first time \fourpi events are observed at the $\rho$ meson energy. Under the assumption that all these events come from the $\rho$ meson decay, the value of the cross section at the $\rho$ meson peak corresponds to the following decay width: \Gamma(\rho^0 \to \fourpi) = (2.8 \pm 1.4 \pm 0.5) {keV} or to the branching ratio B(\rho^0 \to \fourpi) = (1.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 0.3) \cdot 10 ^{-5}.

Using the $1.9 pb^{-1}$ of data collected with the CMD-2 detector at VEPP-2M the decay mode $\phi \to \eta \gamma$, $\eta \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ has been studied. The obtained branching ratio is B($\phi \to \eta \gamma) = (1.18 \pm 0.03 \pm 0.06) %$.

Radiative decays of the $\phi$ meson have been studied using a data sample of about 19 million $\phi$ decays collected by the CMD-2 detector at VEPP-2M collider in Novosibirsk. From selected $e^+e^-\to\pi^{0}\pi^{0}\gamma$ and $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^{0}\gamma$ events the following model independent results have been obtained: \par $Br(\phi\to\pi^{0}\pi^{0}\gamma) = (0.92\pm 0.08\pm0.06)\times10^{-4}$ for $M_{\pi^{0}\pi^{0}}>700$ MeV, \par $Br(\phi\to\eta\pi^{0}\gamma) = (0.90\pm 0.24\pm 0.10)\times10^{-4}$. It is shown that the intermediate mechanism $f_{0}(980)\gamma$ dominates in the $\phi\to\pi^{0}\pi^{0}\gamma$ decay and the corresponding branching ratio is \par $Br(\phi\to f_{0}(980)\gamma)=(2.90\pm 0.21\pm1.54)\times10^{-4}$. The systematic error is dominated by the possible model uncertainty. \par Using the same data sample the upper limit has been obtained for the P- and CP-violating decay of $\eta$ at 90% CL: \par $Br(\eta\to\pi^{0}\pi^{0}) < 4.3\times10^{-4}$ >.

About 300 000 $e^+e^-\to \phi\to K^0_L K^0_S$ events in the center of mass energy range from 984 to 1040 MeV were used for the measurement of the $\phi$ meson parameters. The following results have been obtained: $\sigma_0 = (1367 \pm 15 \pm 21) nb, m_{\phi}=(1019.504 \pm 0.011 \pm 0.033) MeV/c^2, \Gamma_\phi=(4.477 \pm 0.036 \pm 0.022) MeV, \Gamma_{e^+e^-}\cdot B(\phi\to K^0_L K^0_S) = (4.364 \pm 0.048 \pm 0.065)\cdot 10^{-4}$ MeV.

In experiments with the CMD-2 detector at the VEPP-2M electron-positron collider at Novosibirsk about 150000 $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-$ events were recorded in the center-of-mass energy range from 0.61 up to 0.96 GeV. The result of the pion form factor measurement with a 1.4% systematic error is presented. The following values of the $\rho$-meson and $\rho-\omega$ interference parameters were found: $M_\rho=(775.28\pm 0.61\pm 0.20) MeV, \Gamma_\rho=(147.70\pm 1.29 \pm 0.40) MeV, \Gamma(\rho\to e^+e^-)=(6.93\pm 0.11\pm 0.10) keV, Br(\omega\to\pi^+\pi^-) = (1.32\pm 0.23)%$.

The shapes of jets with transverse energies, E_T(jet), up to 45 GeV produced in neutral- and charged-current deep inelastic e+p scattering (DIS) at Q**2 > 100 GeV**2 have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Jets are identified using a cone algorithm in the eta-phi plane with a cone radius of one unit. The jets become narrower as E_T(jet) increases. The jet shapes in neutral- and charged-current DIS are found to be very similar. The jets in neutral-current DIS are narrower than those in resolved processes in photoproduction and closer to those in direct-photon processes for the same ranges in E_T(jet) and jet pseudorapidity. The jet shapes in DIS are observed to be similar to those in e+e- interactions and narrower than those in pbarp collisions for comparable E_T(jet). Since the jets in e+e- interactions and e+p DIS are predominantly quark initiated in both cases, the similarity in the jet shapes indicates that the pattern of QCD radiation within a quark jet is to a large extent independent of the hard scattering process in these reactions.

First results of the study of the process e+e- \to 4\pi by the CMD-2 collaboration at VEPP-2M are presented for the energy range 1.05--1.38 GeV. Using an integrated luminosity of 5.8 pb^{-1}, energy dependence of the processes e+e- \to \pi^+\pi^- 2\pi^0 and e+e- \to 2\pi^+ 2\pi^- has been measured. Analysis of the differential distributions demonstrates the dominance of the a_1\pi and \omega\pi intermediate states. Upper limits for the contributions of other alternative mechanisms are also placed.

A study of the φ → π + π − π 0 decay mode has been performed using a data sample of about 2.0 million φ decays collected by the CMD-2 detector at VEPP-2M collider in Novosibirsk. The following parameters of the φ -meson have been measured: Br ( φ → π + π − π 0 )=0.145±0.009±0.003 and δ φ − ω =162±17°. The analysis of the Dalitz plot showed the dominance of the φ → ρπ intermediate mechanism, the limits for the ratio of the direct amplitude of φ →3 π to that of φ → ρπ are −0.16< a 1 <0.11 at 90% C.L. The upper limits for the probabilities of the decay modes φ → π + π − η and direct φ → ργγ have been found for the first time: Br ( φ → π + π − η )<3×10 −4 and Br ( φ → ργγ )<5×10 −4 at 90% C.L.

A search for phi radiative decays has been performed using a data sample of about 2.0 million phi decays collected by the CMD-2 detector at VEPP-2M collider in Novosibirsk. From the selected e+ e- -> pi+ pi- gamma events the following results were obtained: B(phi -> f0(980) gamma) < 1x10-4 for destructive and B(phi -> f0(980) gamma) < 7x10-4 for constructive interference with the Bremsstrahlung process respectively, B(phi -> gamma -> pi+ pi- gamma) < 3x10-5 for E of gamma > 20 MeV, B(phi -> rho gamma) < 7x10-4. From the selected e+ e- -> mu+ mu- gamma events B(phi -> mu+ mu- gamma) = (2.3+-1.0)x10-5 has been obtained for E of gamma> 20 MeV. The upper limit on the P,CP-violating decay eta -> pi+ pi- has also been placed: B(eta -> pi+ pi-) < 9x10-4 . All upper limits are at 90 % C.L.

The transverse, longitudinal and asymmetric components of the fragmentation function are measured from the inclusive charged particles produced in$e^+e^-$collisi

The data collected by DELPHI in 1996 have been used to measure the average charged particle multiplicities and dispersions in q q ̄ events at centre-of-mass energies of s =161 GeV and s =172 GeV, and the average charge multiplicity in WW events at s =172 GeV. The multiplicities in q q ̄ events are consistent with the evolution predicted by QCD. The dispersions in the multiplicity distributions are consistent with Koba-Nielsen-Olesen (KNO) scaling. The average multiplicity of charged particles in hadronic W decays has been measured for the first time; its value, 19.23±0.74(stat+syst), is consistent with that expected for an e + e − interaction at a centre-of-mass energy equal to the W mass. The charged particle multiplicity in W decays shows no evidence of effects of colour reconnection between partons from different W's at the present level of statistics.

The spin density matrix elements for the ϱ 0 , K ∗0 (892) and F produced in hadronic Z 0 decays are measured in the DELPHI detector. There is no evidence for spin alignment of the K ∗0 (892) and F in the region x p ≤ 0.3 ( x p = p p beam ), where ϱ 00 = 0.33 ± 0.05 and ϱ 00 = 0.30 ± 0.04, respectively. In the fragmentation region, x p ≥ 0.4, there is some indication for spin alignment of the ϱ 0 and K ∗0 (892), since ϱ 00 = 0.43 ± 0.05 and ϱ 00 = 0.46 ± 0.08, respectively. These values are compared with those found in meson-induced hadronic reactions. For the F, ϱ 00 = 0.30 ± 0.04 for x p ≥ 0.4 and 0.55 ± 0.10 for x p ≥ 0.7. The off-diagonal spin density matrix element ϱ 1-1 is consistent with zero in all cases.