The cross section for the process $e^+e^- \to K^+K^-$ was measured in the energy range $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.04--1.38 GeV in the SND experiment at VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider. The measured cross section is described by the Vector Meson Dominance model with contributions from the light vector mesons $\rho$, $\omega$, $\phi$ and their lowest excitations. The mean statistical accuracy of the measurement is 4.4 %, and the systematic uncertainty is 5.2 %.
The measured cross section and charged kaon form factor.
The cross section of the process e+e-\to\mu+\mu- was measured in the SND experiment at the VEPP-2M e+e- collider in the energy region \sqrt{s}=980, 1040 -- 1380 MeV. The event numbers of the process e+e-\to\mu+\mu- were normalized to the integrated luminosity measured using e+e-\to e+e- and e+e-\to\gamma\gamma processes. The ratio of the measured cross section to the theoretically predicted value is 1.006\pm 0.007 \pm 0.016 and 1.005 \pm 0.007 \pm 0.018 in the first and second case respectively. Using results of the measurements, the electromagnetic running coupling constant \alpha in the energy region \sqrt{s}=1040 -- 1380 MeV was obtained <1/\alpha> = 134.1\pm 0.5 \pm 1.2 and this is in agreement with theoretical expectation.
The E+ E- --> MU+ MU- cross section obtained using the (GAMMA GAMMA) luminosity measurement.
The measured E+ E- --> E+ E- cross section in the electron angle 30 to 150 degrees.
The cross section for the process e+e- --> omega pi0 --> pi0 pi0 gamma has been measured in the energy range 1.05--2.00 GeV. The experiment has been performed at the e+e- collider VEPP-2000 with the SND detector. The measured e+e- --> omega pi0 cross section above 1.4 GeV is the most accurate to date. Below 1.4 GeV our data are in good agreement with the previous SND and CMD-2 measurements. Data on the e+e- --> omega pi0 cross section are well described by the VMD model with two excited rho-like states. From the measured cross section we have extracted the gamma^* --> omega pi0 transition form factor. It has been found that the VDM model cannot describe simultaneously our data and data obtained from the omega --> pi0 mu+ mu- decay. We have also tested CVC hypothesis comparing our results on the e+e- --> omega pi0 cross section with data on the tau- --> omega pi- nu_{tau} decay.
The c.m. energy(E) and measured Born cross section(SIG). For the cross section, the first error is statistical, the second is systematic.
The $e^+e^-\to\eta\gamma$ cross section has been measured in the center-of-mass energy range 1.07--2.00 GeV using the decay mode $\eta\to 3\pi^0$, $\pi^0\to \gamma\gamma$. The analysis is based on 36 pb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The measured cross section of about 35 pb at 1.5 GeV is explained by decays of the $\rho(1450)$ and $\phi(1680)$ resonances.
The energy interval and E+ E- --> ETA GAMMA Born cross section(SIG). The first error in the cross section is statistical, the second systematic. For the last two energy intervals, the upper limits at the 90 PCT confidence level are listed for the cross section.
The fitted values of the cross sections at the resonance peaks.
In the experiment with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider the cross section for the process $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^+\pi^-$ has been measured in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.22 to 2.00 GeV. Obtained results are in agreement with previous measurements and have better accuracy. The energy dependence of the $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^+\pi^-$ cross section has been fitted with the vector-meson dominance model. From this fit the product of the branching fractions $B(\rho(1450)\to\eta\pi^+\pi^-)B(\rho(1450)\to e^+e^-)$ has been extracted and compared with the same products for $\rho(1450)\to\omega\pi^0$ and $\rho(1450)\to\pi^+\pi^-$ decays. The obtained cross section data have been also used to test the conservation of vector current hypothesis.
The c.m. energy ($\sqrt{s}$), integrated luminosity ($L$), detection efficiency ($\varepsilon$), number of selected signal events ($N$), radiative-correction factor ($1 + \delta$), measured $e^+e^- \to \eta \pi^+\pi^-$ Born cross section ($\sigma_B$). For the number of events and cross section the statistical error is quoted. The systematic uncertainty on the cross section is 8.3% at $\sqrt{s}<1.45$ GeV, 5.0% at $1.45<\sqrt{s}<1.60$ GeV, and 7.8% at $\sqrt{s}>1.60$ GeV.
The process $e^+e^-\to n\bar{n}$ has been studied at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider with the SND detector in the energy range from threshold up to 2 GeV. As a result of the experiment, the $e^+e^-\to n\bar{n}$ cross section and effective neutron form factor have been measured.
The $e^+e^-\to n\bar{n}$ cross section ($\sigma_{n\bar{n}}$) and neutron effective form factor ($F_n$) measured in 2011. The quoted errors are statistical. The systematic error is 17$\%$ for the cross section and 9$\%$ for the form factor.
The $e^+e^-\to n\bar{n}$ cross section ($\sigma_{n\bar{n}}$) and neutron effective form factor ($F_n$) measured in 2012. The quoted errors are statistical. The systematic error is 17$\%$ for the cross section and 9$\%$ for the form factor. NOTE: corrected an apparent typo in paper for second-last data point (1990 $\to$ 1960) to make the numbers consistent with the plot in Figure 9.
The process $e^+e^- \to \pi^0\gamma$ has been studied in the experiment with the SND detector at the VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider. The $e^+e^- \to \pi^0\gamma$ cross section has been measured in the center-of-mass energy range from 0.60 to 1.38 GeV. The cross section is well described by the vector meson dominance model. From the fit to the cross section data we have determined the branching fractions $B(\rho\to\pi^0\gamma)=(4.20\pm0.52)\times10^{-4}$, $B(\omega\to\pi^0\gamma)=(8.88\pm0.18)\%$, $B(\phi\to\pi^0\gamma)=(1.367\pm0.072)\times10^{-3}$, and the relative phase between the $\rho$ and $\omega$ amplitudes $\varphi_{\rho}=(-12.7\pm4.5)^\circ$. Our data on the process $e^+e^- \to \pi^0\gamma$ are the most accurate to date.
The c.m.energy ($E$), integrated luminosity ($L$), detection efficiency ($\varepsilon$), number of selected signal events ($N_{\rm sig}$), radiative-correction factor ($1+\delta$), measured Born cross section ($\sigma$). For the cross section the first error is statistical, the second is systematic.
In the study of the reaction $e^+e^-\to K_{S}K_{L}$ at the VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider with the SND detector the nuclear interaction length of $K_{L}$ meson in NaI(Tl) has been measured. Its value is found to be 30--50 cm in the $K_{L}$ momentum range 0.11--0.48 GeV/$c$. The results are compared with the values used in the simulation programs GEANT4 and UNIMOD.
The energy interval ($\sqrt{s}$), integrated luminosity ($IL$), number of selected events ($N$), number of background events ($N_{\rm bkg}$), number of events with five or more photons ($N_{5\gamma}$, $N_{5\gamma,{\rm bkg}}$), and the measured $K_L$ nuclear interaction length in NaI(Tl) ($\lambda_{\rm int}$).
The process $e^+e^-\to\omega\eta\pi^0$ is studied in the energy range $1.45-2.00$ GeV using data with an integrated luminosity of 33 pb$^{-1}$ accumulated by the SND detector at the $e^+e^-$ collider VEPP-2000. The $e^+e^-\to\omega\eta\pi^0$ cross section is measured for the first time. The cross section has a threshold near 1.75 GeV. Its value is about 2 nb in the energy range $1.8-2.0$ GeV. The dominant intermediate state for the process $e^+e^- \to \omega\eta\pi^0$ is found to be $\omega a_0(980)$.
The energy interval, integrated luminosity ($L$), number of selected events ($N$), estimated number of background events ($N_{bkg}$), detection efficiency for $e^+e^-\to\omega\eta\pi^0\to 7\gamma$ events ($\epsilon$), radiative correction ($\delta+1$), and $e^+e^-\to\omega\eta\pi^0$ Born cross section ($\sigma$). The shown cross-section errors are statistical. The systematic error is 4.2%. The 90% confidence level upper limits are listed for the first two energy intervals.
The cross sections of the processes $e^+e^- \to K^+K^-$, $e^+e^- \to K_SK_L$ and $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ were measured in the SND experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region near the $\phi(1020)$ meson. These measurements were based on about $10^6$ $K^+K^-$, $0.5 \times 10^6$ $K_SK_L$ and $0.4 \times 10^6$ $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ selected events. Themeasured cross sections have been analyzed in the framework of the vector meson dominance model and the main parameters of the $\phi$-resonance were obtained, such as its mass, width, the production cross section and branching ratios of the main decay modes. The measured value of the $\phi$ meson total width, $\Gamma_{\phi} = 4.21 \pm 0.04$ is lower than the present world average of $4.458 \pm 0.032$ MeV. Contributions in addition to the conventional vector meson dominance model were found in the $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ reaction cross section.
Scan PHI9801 (see text). Point-to-point systematic errors are due to model uncertainty.
Scan PHI9802 (see text). Point-to-point systematic errors are due to model uncertainty.
The cross section of the process $e^+e^-\to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ was measured in the Spherical Neutral Detector (SND) experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region $\sqrt[]{s}$ below 980 MeV. This measurement was based on about $1.2 \times 10^6$ selected events. The obtained cross section was analyzed together with the SND and DM2 data in the energy region $\sqrt[]{s}$ up to 2 GeV. The $\omega$-meson parameters: $m_\omega=782.79\pm 0.08\pm 0.09$ MeV, $\Gamma_\omega=8.68\pm 0.04\pm 0.15$ MeV and $\sigma(\omega\to 3\pi)=1615\pm 9\pm 57$ nb were obtained. It was found that the experimental data cannot be described by a sum of only $\omega$, $\phi$, $\omega^\prime$ and $\omega^{\prime\prime}$ resonances contributions. This can be interpreted as a manifestation of $\rho\to 3\pi$ decay, suppressed by $G$-parity, with relative probability $B(\rho\to 3\pi) = (1.01\pm^{0.54}_{0.36}\pm 0.034) \times 10^{-4}$.
Measurements of the E+ E- --> PI+ PI- PI0 cross section.
The cross section of the $e^+e^-\to\omega\pi^0\to\pi^0\pi^0\gamma$ reaction was measured by the SND detector at VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider in the energy range from threshold up to 1.4 GeV. Results of the cross section fitting by the sum of $\rho$, $\rho^{\prime}$ and $\rho^{\prime\prime}$ contributions are presented.
Only statistical errors are presented.
Results of the study of the e+e-->pi0 gamma process with SND detector at VEPP-2M collider in the c.m.s. energy range sqrt(s)=0.60-0.97 GeV are presented. Using 36513 selected events corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 3.4 pb^-1 the e+e-->pi0 gamma cross section was measured. The energy dependence of the cross section was analyzed in the framework of the vector meson dominance model. The data are well described by a sum of phi,omega,rho0->pi0 gamma decay contributions with measured decay probabilities: Br(omega->pi0 gamma)=(9.34+-0.15+-0.31)% and Br(rho0->pi0 gamma)=(5.15+-1.16+-0.73)*10^-4 . The rho-omega relative interference phase is phi(rho,omega}=(-10.2+-6.5+-2.5) degree.
Measured E+ E- --> PI0 GAMMA cross section.
Total cross section into OMEGA and RHO0 channels.
The cross section of the process $e^+e^-\to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ was measured in the Spherical Neutral Detector experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region $\sqrt[]{s} = 980 \div 1380$ MeV. The measured cross section, together with the $e^+e^-\to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ and $\omega\pi^+\pi^-$ cross sections obtained in other experiments, was analyzed in the framework of the generalized vector meson dominance model. It was found that the experimental data can be described by a sum of $\omega$, $\phi$ mesons and two $\omega^\prime$ and $\omega^{\prime\prime}$ resonances contributions, with masses $m_{\omega^\prime}\sim 1490$,$m_{\omega^{\prime\prime}}\sim 1790$ MeV and widths $\Gamma_{\omega^\prime}\sim 1210$, $\Gamma_{\omega^{\prime\prime}}\sim 560$ MeV. The analysis of the $\pi^+\pi^-$ invariant mass spectra in the energy region $\sqrt[]{s}$ from 1100 to 1380 MeV has shown that for their descriptionone should take into account the $e^+e^-\to\omega\pi^0\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ mechanism also. The phase between the amplitudes corresponding to the $e^+e^-\to\omega\pi$ and $e^+e^-\to\rho\pi$ intermediate states was measured for the first time. The value of the phase is close to zero and depends on energy.
The measured E+ E- --> PI+ PI- PI0 cross section.
The cross section of the process e^+e^-\to \pi^+\pi^- was measured in the SND experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region 400<\sqrt[]{s}<1000 MeV. This measurement was based on about 12.4 \times 10^6 selected collinear events, which include 7.4\times 10^6 e^+e^-\to e^+e^-, 4.5\times 10^6 e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^- and 0.5\times 10^6 e^+e^-\to\mu^+\mu^- selected events. The systematic uncertainty of the cross section determination is 1.3 %. The \rho-meson parameters were determined: m_\rho=774.9\pm 0.4\pm 0.5 MeV, \Gamma_\rho=146.5\pm 0.8\pm 1.5 MeV, \sigma(\rho\to\pi^+\pi^-)=1220\pm 7\pm 16 nb as well as the parameters of the G-parity suppressed decay \omega\to\pi^+\pi^-: \sigma(\omega\to\pi^+\pi^-)=29.9\pm 1.4\pm 1.0 nb and \phi_{\rho\omega} = 113.5\pm 1.3\pm 1.7 degree.
Cross section taking into account the radiative corrections due to the initial and final state radiation.
Cross section and form factor after the radiative corrections have been undressed.
Undressed cross without vacuum polarization but with the final state radiation.
The e+e- -> pi0 pi0 gamma process was studied in the SND experiment at VEPP-2M e+e- collider in the energy region 0.60-0.97 GeV. From the analysis of the energy dependence of measured cross section the branching ratios B(omega -> pi0 pi0 gamma)= (6.6 +1.4-0.8(stat) +-0.6(syst))x10^-5 and B(rho -> pi0 pi0 gamma)=(4.1 +1.0-0.9(stat) +-0.3(syst))x10^-5 were obtained.
Measured values of the cross section.
In experiment with the SND detector at VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider the $e^+e^-\to\eta\gamma$ cross section was measured in the energy range $E$=0.60--1.38 GeV with the integrated luminosity of 27.8 pb$^{-1}$. The measured cross section is well described by the vector meson dominance model with contributions from the $\rho(770)$, $\omega(783)$, $\phi(1020)$, $\rho^{\prime}(1465)$ resonances and agrees with results of previous measurements. The decay probabilities $\BR(\phi\to\eta\gamma)$, $\BR(\omega\to\eta\gamma)$ and $\BR(\rho\to\eta\gamma)$ were measured with the accuracies better than or comparable to the world averages.
Cross section from the ETA --> 3PI0 decay mode.
Cross section from the ETA --> PI+ PI- PI0 decay mode.
Short overview of experiments with SND detector at VEPP-2M e^+e^- collider in the energy range 2E = 400 - 1400 MeV and preliminary results of data analysis are presented.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Measurements of the midrapidity transverse energy distribution, $d\Et/d\eta$, are presented for $p$$+$$p$, $d$$+$Au, and Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV and additionally for Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=62.4$ and 130 GeV. The $d\Et/d\eta$ distributions are first compared with the number of nucleon participants $N_{\rm part}$, number of binary collisions $N_{\rm coll}$, and number of constituent-quark participants $N_{qp}$ calculated from a Glauber model based on the nuclear geometry. For Au$+$Au, $\mean{d\Et/d\eta}/N_{\rm part}$ increases with $N_{\rm part}$, while $\mean{d\Et/d\eta}/N_{qp}$ is approximately constant for all three energies. This indicates that the two component ansatz, $dE_{T}/d\eta \propto (1-x) N_{\rm part}/2 + x N_{\rm coll}$, which has been used to represent $E_T$ distributions, is simply a proxy for $N_{qp}$, and that the $N_{\rm coll}$ term does not represent a hard-scattering component in $E_T$ distributions. The $dE_{T}/d\eta$ distributions of Au$+$Au and $d$$+$Au are then calculated from the measured $p$$+$$p$ $E_T$ distribution using two models that both reproduce the Au$+$Au data. However, while the number-of-constituent-quark-participant model agrees well with the $d$$+$Au data, the additive-quark model does not.
Et EMC distributions for sqrt(sNN) = 62.4 GeV Au+Au collisions shown in 5% wide centrality bins.
Et EMC distributions for sqrt(sNN) = 62.4 GeV Au+Au collisions shown in 5% wide centrality bins.
Et EMC distributions for sqrt(sNN) = 62.4 GeV Au+Au collisions shown in 5% wide centrality bins.
Results are presented from data recorded in 2009 by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider for the double-longitudinal spin asymmetry, $A_{LL}$, for $\pi^0$ and $\eta$ production in $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV polarized $p$$+$$p$ collisions. Comparison of the $\pi^0$ results with different theory expectations based on fits of other published data showed a preference for small positive values of gluon polarization, $\Delta G$, in the proton in the probed Bjorken $x$ range. The effect of adding the new 2009 \pz data to a recent global analysis of polarized scattering data is also shown, resulting in a best fit value $\Delta G^{[0.05,0.2]}_{\mbox{DSSV}} = 0.06^{+0.11}_{-0.15}$ in the range $0.05<x<0.2$, with the uncertainty at $\Delta \chi^2 = 9$ when considering only statistical experimental uncertainties. Shifting the PHENIX data points by their systematic uncertainty leads to a variation of the best-fit value of $\Delta G^{[0.05,0.2]}_{\mbox{DSSV}}$ between $0.02$ and $0.12$, demonstrating the need for full treatment of the experimental systematic uncertainties in future global analyses.
PI0 ASYM(LL) measurements from 2005.
PI0 ASYM(LL) measurements from 2006.
PI0 ASYM(LL) measurements from 2009.
We study the processes $e^+ e^-\to K_S^0 K_L^0 \gamma$, $K_S^0 K_L^0 \pi^+\pi^-\gamma$, $K_S^0 K_S^0 \pi^+\pi^-\gamma$, and $K_S^0 K_S^0 K^+K^-\gamma$, where the photon is radiated from the initial state, providing cross section measurements for the hadronic states over a continuum of center-of-mass energies. The results are based on 469 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected with the BaBar detector at SLAC. We observe the $\phi(1020)$ resonance in the $K_S^0 K_L^0$ final state and measure the product of its electronic width and branching fraction with about 3% uncertainty. We present a measurement of the $e^+ e^-\to K_S^0 K_L^0 $ cross section in the energy range from 1.06 to 2.2 GeV and observe the production of a resonance at 1.67 GeV. We present the first measurements of the $e^+ e^-\to K_S^0 K_L^0 \pi^+\pi^-$, $K_S^0 K_S^0 \pi^+\pi^-$, and $K_S^0 K_S^0 K^+K^-$ cross sections, and study the intermediate resonance structures. We obtain the first observations of \jpsi decay to the $K_S^0 K_L^0 \pi^+\pi^-$, $K_S^0 K_S^0 \pi^+\pi^-$, and $K_S^0 K_S^0 K^+K^-$ final states.
Cross section measurement for PHI(1020).
Mass measurement for PHI(1020).
Measurement of the PHI(1020) width.
Measurements were made of the cross section of the reactions π − p → ν ′(958)n, η ′ → 2 γ at momenta at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 GeV/c. The experiment was carried out on the IHEP 70 GeV accelerator using the 648 channel hodoscope spectrometer NICE for γ-ray detection. A total of 6000 η′ mesons were recorded. A sharp drop is seen in the differential cross section for t → 0. The dependences of the differential cross sections for the π − p → η ′n and π − p → η n on t are identical. On the basis of the ratio of the cross sections for these reactions at t = 0, i.e. R( η′ n ) t=0 = 0.55 ± 0.06 , the singlet-octet mixing angle for pseudoscalar mesons was determined to be β = −(18.2 ± 1.4)°.
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AVERAGE RATIO IS 2.76 +- 0.07 PCT.
AVERAGE RATIO IS 0.52 +- 0.02.
The absolute differential cross sections of 17.9 GeV/$c$ $\alpha$-particles scattering on nuclear targets have been measured over a four momentum transfer range of $0.009
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
We present the first measurement of the production cross section of a W boson with a single charm quark (c) in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV, using soft muon tagging of c jets. In a data sample of ~1.8 fb-1, recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, we select events with W+1 or 2 jets. We use the charge correlation between the W and the muon from the semileptonic decay of a charm hadron to extract the Wc signal. We measure sigma_{Wc}(p_{Tc}>20 GeV/c, |\eta_c|<1.5)\times BR(W->\ell\nu) = 9.8+/-3.2 pb, in agreement with theoretical expectations.
The measured cross section for leptonic decay of the W.
We have searched for exclusive 2-photon production in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, using 532/pb of integrated luminosity taken by the Run II Collider Detector at Fermilab. The event signature requires two electromagnetic showers, each with transverse energy E_T > 5 GeV and pseudorapidity |eta|<1.0, with no other particles detected in the event. Three candidate events are observed. We discuss the consistency of the three events with gamma-gamma, pi0-pi0, or eta-eta production. The probability that other processes fluctuate to 3 events or more is 1.7x10^-4. An upper limit on the cross section of p+pbar --> p+gamma-gamma+pbar is set at 410 fb with 95% confidence level.
Upper limit on the cross section.
Forum